National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 26;9(1):5143. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41597-0.
The pathogenesis of airway infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) is poorly understood. We performed a longitudinal study coupling clinical information with frequent sampling of the microbiota to identify changes in the airway microbiota in infancy that could underpin deterioration and potentially be targeted therapeutically. Thirty infants with CF diagnosed on newborn screening (NBS) were followed for up to two years. Two hundred and forty one throat swabs were collected as a surrogate for lower airway microbiota (median 35 days between study visits) in the largest longitudinal study of the CF oropharyngeal microbiota. Quantitative PCR and Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene were performed. Data analyses were conducted in QIIME and Phyloseq in R. Streptococcus spp. and Haemophilus spp. were the most common genera (55% and 12.5% of reads respectively) and were inversely related. Only beta (between sample) diversity changed with age (Bray Curtis r = 0.15, P = 0.03). Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas were rarely detected. These results suggest that Streptococcus spp. and Haemophilus spp., may play an important role in early CF. Whether they are protective against infection with more typical CF micro-organisms, or pathogenic and thus meriting treatment needs to be determined.
气道感染在囊性纤维化（CF）中的发病机制尚不清楚。我们进行了一项纵向研究，将临床信息与频繁的微生物群采样相结合，以确定婴儿期气道微生物群的变化，这些变化可能是病情恶化的基础，并具有潜在的治疗靶向性。我们对通过新生儿筛查（NBS）诊断为 CF 的 30 名婴儿进行了为期两年的随访。采集了 241 份咽喉拭子作为下气道微生物群的替代物（研究访问之间的中位数为 35 天），这是 CF 口咽微生物群的最大纵向研究。对 16S rRNA 细菌基因进行定量 PCR 和 Illumina 测序。数据分析在 QIIME 和 R 中的 Phyloseq 中进行。链球菌属和嗜血杆菌属是最常见的属（分别占读数的 55%和 12.5%），且呈负相关。只有 beta（样本间）多样性随年龄而变化（Bray Curtis r=0.15，P=0.03）。葡萄球菌和假单胞菌很少被检测到。这些结果表明，链球菌属和嗜血杆菌属可能在 CF 的早期发挥重要作用。它们是对更典型的 CF 微生物感染具有保护作用，还是具有致病性且因此值得治疗，这需要进一步确定。
