Parish R C, Doering P L
Vet Hum Toxicol. 1986 Aug;28(4):318-22.
Poisoning with mushrooms of the genus Amanita, members of which occur frequently in both North America and Europe, accounts for a significant number of deaths annually. Liver damage is the main clinical feature and death rates are variously reported to be from 11.3% to 51.3% of patients. The amount of mushroom ingested appears to be the main prognostic indicator and a fatal outcome appears inevitable if a large amount is eaten. In sublethal exposures, supportive therapy seems effective; when definitive treatment is considered, hyperbaric oxygen, penicillin and silymarin are indicated in conjunction with careful management of blood glucose concentration. Charcoal hemoperfusion, forced diuresis, hyperbaric oxygen, and thioctic acid may also be considered, although these treatment modalities are not clearly associated with increased survival.
鹅膏菌属蘑菇中毒在北美和欧洲都时有发生，每年导致大量死亡。肝损伤是主要临床特征，据报道患者死亡率在11.3%至51.3%之间。摄入蘑菇的量似乎是主要预后指标，如果食用量大，死亡似乎不可避免。在亚致死性中毒情况下，支持性治疗似乎有效；考虑进行确定性治疗时，高压氧、青霉素和水飞蓟素与血糖浓度的精心管理联合使用。也可考虑进行活性炭血液灌流、强制利尿、高压氧和硫辛酸治疗，尽管这些治疗方式与生存率提高并无明确关联。
