School of Public Administration, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Institute of Applied Remote Sensing and Information Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Mar 28;16(7):1124. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16071124.
Ecologically sensitive suburban areas provide important ecosystem services and protect urban ecological security because of their multiple functions in natural and human systems. The research on the ecological environment effects of land use activities in ecologically sensitive suburban areas is important in guiding the healthy and sustainable development of cities. Taking the west suburbs of Hangzhou in China as a case study, we quantified land use changes from Landsat satellite imagery and calculated the value of ecosystem services using the well-established equivalent factor table for land use/cover change (LUCC) and ecosystem services value (ESV). The impacts of LUCC on the ecological environment were analyzed using the transfer matrix of land use and coefficient of elasticity. Results revealed the following. (1) The total ESV in the western suburban area of Hangzhou decreased from $109.95 million in 2000 to $87.09 million in 2016. Moreover, the ESV of gas regulation, climate regulation, soil formation and protection, as well as biodiversity conservation presented a large decrease of more than 25%, especially between 2010 and 2016. (2) The spatial distribution of ESV was high in the west and low in the east. The regions with a significant reduction in ESV were mainly distributed in the eastern town of Wuchang and in Jincheng Town located in the midwest valley. (3) Industrial agglomeration activities in the ecologically sensitive suburban area emerged as the primary factor influencing ESV for various land uses. The elasticity indicator for assessing the responses to ESV changes relative to LUCC showed that 1% of the land conversion in this area resulted in average changes in ESV of 4.1% after the establishment of the industrial agglomeration area. (4) The increase in construction land was associated with a significant decrease in forest area because of the policy of cultivated land requisition⁻compensation balance and development strategies for low-slope hilly lands. Consequently, the ESV in the ecologically sensitive suburban areas rapidly declined.
生态敏感的郊区由于其在自然和人类系统中的多种功能，提供了重要的生态系统服务，并保护了城市生态安全。研究生态敏感郊区的土地利用活动对生态环境的影响，对于指导城市的健康和可持续发展至关重要。以中国杭州市西郊为例，我们从 Landsat 卫星图像中量化了土地利用变化，并使用成熟的土地利用/覆盖变化（LUCC）和生态系统服务价值（ESV）等效因子表计算了生态系统服务的价值。利用土地利用转移矩阵和弹性系数分析了 LUCC 对生态环境的影响。结果表明：（1）杭州市西郊的总 ESV 从 2000 年的 1.0995 亿美元减少到 2016 年的 0.8709 亿美元。此外，气体调节、气候调节、土壤形成和保护以及生物多样性保护的 ESV 呈现出超过 25%的大幅下降，尤其是在 2010 年至 2016 年期间。（2）ESV 的空间分布呈西高东低的特点。ESV 显著减少的区域主要分布在东部的武昌镇和中西部山谷的金城镇。（3）生态敏感郊区的产业集聚活动成为影响各种土地利用 ESV 的主要因素。评估 LUCC 对 ESV 变化响应的弹性指标表明，该区域 1%的土地转换导致在建立产业集聚区后，ESV 平均变化 4.1%。（4）建设用地的增加与森林面积的显著减少有关，这是由于耕地征补平衡政策和低坡度丘陵地的开发策略所致。因此，生态敏感郊区的 ESV 迅速下降。
