J Phys Act Health. 2019 May 1;16(5):340-347. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2018-0057. Epub 2019 Mar 29.
: Few studies have examined school physical activity policies to assess dose-response on student outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between health-promoting physical activity policies in elementary schools and physical activity behavior. : In this cross-sectional study, physical activity was assessed using self-report measures in fourth-grade students in Texas (N = 1958, = 9.66 y) from the School Physical Activity and Nutrition (SPAN) survey. School policies were assessed using the number of health-promoting policies in place taken from the SPAN School Health Survey with principals and their proxies. Multiple linear regressions adjusted for student- and school-level confounders and school clustering were performed. : School physical activity policies were significantly associated with student-level physical activity behavior ( < .05), even after controlling for the student- and school-level confounding variables. The interactions between physical activity policy-by-economic disadvantage ( < .01) and between physical activity policy-by-geographic strata ( < .01) were both significant, with stronger direct effects of policies on student physical activity for economically disadvantaged schools and major urban schools. : Results from this study provide evidence for the importance of school-based health policies and practices in potentially reducing health disparities, especially in low-income and urban schools.
很少有研究检查过学校体育活动政策，以评估其对学生成果的剂量反应。本研究旨在评估小学促进健康的体育活动政策与体育活动行为之间的关联。
在这项横断面研究中，使用来自学校体育活动和营养 (SPAN) 调查的德克萨斯州四年级学生的自我报告措施评估了体育活动。使用从 SPAN 学校健康调查中获取的与校长及其代理人的健康促进政策数量来评估学校政策。对学生和学校层面的混杂因素和学校聚类进行了调整，进行了多项线性回归分析。
学校体育活动政策与学生层面的体育活动行为显著相关（<0.05），即使在控制了学生和学校层面的混杂变量后也是如此。经济劣势的体育活动政策与地理分层之间的相互作用（<0.01）以及经济劣势的体育活动政策与地理分层之间的相互作用（<0.01）均具有统计学意义，经济劣势学校和主要城市学校的政策对学生体育活动的直接影响更强。
本研究结果为基于学校的健康政策和实践在减少健康差距方面的重要性提供了证据，尤其是在低收入和城市学校。
