Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt, Germany.
Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Ambio. 2020 Mar;49(3):678-692. doi: 10.1007/s13280-019-01161-6. Epub 2019 Mar 30.
Changes in Arctic vegetation can have important implications for trophic interactions and ecosystem functioning leading to climate feedbacks. Plot-based vegetation surveys provide detailed insight into vegetation changes at sites around the Arctic and improve our ability to predict the impacts of environmental change on tundra ecosystems. Here, we review studies of changes in plant community composition and phenology from both long-term monitoring and warming experiments in Arctic environments. We find that Arctic plant communities and species are generally sensitive to warming, but trends over a period of time are heterogeneous and complex and do not always mirror expectations based on responses to experimental manipulations. Our findings highlight the need for more geographically widespread, integrated, and comprehensive monitoring efforts that can better resolve the interacting effects of warming and other local and regional ecological factors.
北极地区植被的变化可能对营养相互作用和生态系统功能产生重要影响，从而导致气候反馈。基于斑块的植被调查为了解北极地区各个地点的植被变化提供了详细的信息，并提高了我们预测环境变化对苔原生态系统影响的能力。在这里，我们综述了来自北极环境中长期监测和增温实验的关于植物群落组成和物候变化的研究。我们发现，北极地区的植物群落和物种通常对变暖敏感，但一段时间内的趋势是不均匀和复杂的，并不总是反映基于对实验处理的反应的预期。我们的研究结果强调了需要进行更多具有地理代表性的、综合的和全面的监测工作，以便更好地解决变暖以及其他地方和区域生态因素的相互作用的影响。
