Uribe-Bahamonde Yerco E, Becerra Sebastián A, Ponce Fernando P, Vogel Edgar H
University of Talca, Talca, Chile.
Front Psychol. 2019 Mar 15;10:504. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00504. eCollection 2019.
Habituation is defined as a decline in responding to a repeated stimulus. After more than 80 years of research, there is an enduring consensus among researchers on the existence of 9-10 behavioral regularities or parameters of habituation. There is no similar agreement, however, on the best approach to explain these facts. In this paper, we demonstrate that the Sometimes Opponent Processes (SOP) model of stimulus processing accurately describes all of these regularities. This model was proposed by Allan Wagner as a quantitative elaboration of priming theory, which states that the processing of a stimulus, and therefore its capacity to provoke its response, depends inversely on the degree to which the stimulus is pre-represented in short-term memory. Using computer simulations, we show that all the facts involving within-session effects or short-term habituation might be the result of priming from recent presentations of the stimulus (self-generated priming). The characteristics involving between-sessions effects or long-term habituation would result from the retrieval of the representation of the stimulus from memory by the associated context (associatively generated priming).
习惯化被定义为对重复刺激的反应下降。经过80多年的研究，研究人员对9 - 10种习惯化行为规律或参数的存在达成了持久的共识。然而，对于解释这些事实的最佳方法却没有类似的共识。在本文中，我们证明了刺激加工的有时对立过程（SOP）模型准确地描述了所有这些规律。该模型由艾伦·瓦格纳提出，作为启动理论的定量阐述，该理论认为刺激的加工及其引发反应的能力与刺激在短期记忆中的预呈现程度成反比。通过计算机模拟，我们表明所有涉及会话内效应或短期习惯化的事实可能是近期刺激呈现引发启动的结果（自我产生的启动）。涉及会话间效应或长期习惯化的特征将是由相关背景从记忆中检索刺激表征所导致的（联想产生的启动）。
