Picó-Sirvent Inés, Aracil-Marco Adolfo, Pastor Diego, Moya-Ramón Manuel
Department of Sport Sciences; Sport Research Centre, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain.
Instituto de Neurociencias, UMH-CSIC, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain.
Sports (Basel). 2019 Mar 25;7(3):72. doi: 10.3390/sports7030072.
Bariatric surgery (BS) is considered the most effective treatment for morbid obesity. Preoperative body weight is directly associated with a higher surgical morbimortality and physical activity could be effective in the preparation of patients. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of a six-month exercise training program (ETP), combining high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance training in patients awaiting BS. Six candidates awaiting BS (38.78 ± 1.18 kg·m; 38.17 ± 12.06 years) were distributed into two groups: the ETP group (experimental group (EG), n = 3) and a control group (CG, n = 3). Anthropometrical and blood pressure (BP), cardiorespiratory fitness and maximal strength were registered before and after the ETP. The EG participated in 93.25% of the sessions, showing reductions in body mass index (BMI) compared to the CG (34.61 ± 1.56 vs. 39.75 ± 0.65, = 0.006, ANOVA). The inferential analysis showed larger effects on BMI, excess body weight percentage and fat mass, in addition to small to moderate effects in BP and the anthropometric measurements. Peak oxygen uptake normalized to fat-free mass showed likely positive effects with a probability of >95⁻99%. A six-month ETP seems to be a positive tool to improve body composition, cardiometabolic health, and fitness level in patients awaiting BS, but a larger sample size is needed to confirm these findings.
减重手术（BS）被认为是治疗病态肥胖最有效的方法。术前体重与较高的手术病死率直接相关，而体育活动可能对患者的术前准备有效。本研究的目的是确定一项为期六个月的运动训练计划（ETP），即高强度间歇训练（HIIT）与抗阻训练相结合，对等待减重手术的患者的影响。六名等待减重手术的受试者（体重指数38.78±1.18 kg·m；年龄38.17±12.06岁）被分为两组：ETP组（实验组（EG），n = 3）和对照组（CG，n = 3）。在ETP前后记录人体测量学指标、血压（BP）、心肺适能和最大力量。EG组参加了93.25%的训练课程，与CG组相比，体重指数（BMI）有所降低（34.61±1.56 vs. 39.75±0.65，P = 0.006，方差分析）。推断分析显示，除了对血压和人体测量指标有小到中等程度的影响外，对BMI、超重百分比和脂肪量有更大的影响。以去脂体重标准化的峰值摄氧量显示出可能的积极影响，概率>95⁻99%。为期六个月的ETP似乎是改善等待减重手术患者身体成分、心脏代谢健康和体能水平的一个积极工具，但需要更大的样本量来证实这些发现。
