Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Nutrients. 2019 Mar 31;11(4):759. doi: 10.3390/nu11040759.
Obesity is a rising global health challenge, particularly for reproductive-aged women. Our cross-sectional study of pregnant women ( = 223) examined associations between preconception body mass index (BMI) and socio-demographics, weight perceptions and lifestyle behaviors. Over half of women were overweight (33.2%) or obese (22.0%), 49.6% of which perceived their weight as normal. High proportions of women reported planning their pregnancies (70.0%) and were actively trying to lose or maintain their weight preconception (72.7%). Weight management approaches varied from reducing discretionary foods (63.7%) to professional support (8.1%). Obese women had significantly greater odds of reducing discretionary foods (odds ratio (OR) = 6.69 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.13⁻21.00, = 0.001) and using structured diets (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 9.13 95% CI 2.90⁻28.81, < 0.001) compared to normal-weight women. After adjusting for socio-demographics, compared to normal-weight women, overweight (AOR = 5.24 95% CI 2.19⁻12.56, < 0.001) and obese (AOR = 2.85 95% CI 1.06⁻7.67, = 0.04) women had significantly increased odds of exercising for weight management and significantly lower odds of taking folic-acid preconception (overweight: AOR = 0.40 95% CI 0.18⁻0.90, = 0.01, obese: AOR = 0.38 95% CI 0.16⁻0.91, = 0.03). Large proportions of women planning a pregnancy have an overweight/obese BMI, with associated suboptimal health behaviors and reduced health professional engagement preconception. Further research exploring women's perspectives regarding preconception lifestyles is needed to inform effective preconception health promotion strategies.
肥胖是一个日益严重的全球健康挑战，尤其是对生育年龄的妇女而言。我们对 223 名孕妇进行的横断面研究，调查了孕前体重指数（BMI）与社会人口统计学、体重认知和生活方式行为之间的关联。超过一半的女性超重（33.2%）或肥胖（22.0%），其中 49.6%的人认为自己的体重正常。有很大比例的女性报告计划怀孕（70.0%），并积极尝试在孕前减轻或维持体重（72.7%）。体重管理方法从减少随意性食物（63.7%）到专业支持（8.1%）各不相同。与正常体重女性相比，肥胖女性明显更有可能减少随意性食物（比值比（OR）=6.69，95%置信区间（CI）为 2.13⁻21.00， = 0.001）和使用结构化饮食（调整后的比值比（AOR）=9.13，95% CI 2.90⁻28.81， < 0.001）。在调整社会人口统计学因素后，与正常体重女性相比，超重（AOR=5.24，95% CI 2.19⁻12.56， < 0.001）和肥胖（AOR=2.85，95% CI 1.06⁻7.67， = 0.04）女性更有可能为了管理体重而锻炼，更不可能在孕前服用叶酸（超重：AOR=0.40，95% CI 0.18⁻0.90， = 0.01，肥胖：AOR=0.38，95% CI 0.16⁻0.91， = 0.03）。计划怀孕的女性中，很大一部分人超重/肥胖，与之相关的是次优的健康行为和孕前减少与健康专业人员的接触。需要进一步研究女性对孕前生活方式的看法，为有效的孕前健康促进策略提供信息。
