活禽市场中的抗生素耐药基因库。

Antibiotic resistance gene reservoir in live poultry markets.

机构信息

Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China.

State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.

出版信息

J Infect. 2019 Jun;78(6):445-453. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.03.012. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

DOI:10.1016/j.jinf.2019.03.012

PMID:30935879

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The heavy use of antibiotics in farm animals contributes to the enrichment and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in "one-health" settings. Numerous ARGs have been identified in livestock-associated environments but not in Chinese live poultry markets (LPMs).

METHODS

We collected 753 poultry fecal samples from LPMs of 18 provinces and municipalities in China and sequenced the metagenomes of 130 samples. Bioinformatic tools were used to construct the gene catalog and analyze the ARG content. PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing were used to survey the distribution of mcr-1 gene in all 753 fecal samples.

RESULTS

We found that a low number of genes but a high percentage of gene functions were shared among the poultry, human and pig gut gene catalogs. The poultry gut possessed 539 ARGs which were classified into 235 types. Both the ARG number and abundance were significantly higher in poultry than that in either pigs or humans. Fourteen ARG types were found present in all 130 samples, and tetracycline resistance (TcR) genes were the most abundant ARGs in both animals and humans. Moreover, 59.63% LPM samples harbored the colistin resistance gene mcr-1, and other mcr gene variants were also found.

CONCLUSIONS

We demonstrated that the Chinese LPMs is a repository for ARGs, posing a high risk for ARG dissemination from food animals to humans under such a trade system, which has not been addressed before.

摘要

目的

在“同一健康”环境中，抗生素在动物养殖中的大量使用导致了抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）的富集和传播。在与牲畜相关的环境中已经发现了许多 ARGs，但在中国活禽市场（LPM）中尚未发现。

方法

我们从中国 18 个省、直辖市的 LPM 中收集了 753 份家禽粪便样本，并对 130 份样本的宏基因组进行了测序。使用生物信息学工具构建基因目录并分析 ARG 含量。PCR 扩增和 Sanger 测序用于检测所有 753 份粪便样本中 mcr-1 基因的分布。

结果

我们发现家禽、人类和猪肠道基因目录之间基因数量较少，但基因功能的比例较高。家禽肠道拥有 539 个 ARG，分为 235 种类型。家禽肠道中的 ARG 数量和丰度均明显高于猪和人类。在所有 130 个样本中发现了 14 种 ARG 类型，其中四环素耐药（TcR）基因在动物和人类中最为丰富。此外，59.63%的 LPM 样本携带粘菌素耐药基因 mcr-1，并且还发现了其他 mcr 基因变异体。