Department of Human Development, Washington State University, 512 Johnson Tower, Pullman, WA, 99164-4852, USA.
Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, School of Public Health Building, Room 144, 1027 E. Seventh Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
J Adolesc. 2019 Jun;73:14-17. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.03.007. Epub 2019 Mar 30.
Alcohol is the most commonly used substance by South African adolescents. Social norms play a key role in alcohol use, although distinctions are not always made between descriptive and injunctive norms and peer proximity. Additionally, little research identifies factors attenuating social norms, peer proximity, and alcohol use, such as one's ability to resist peer influence.
The current study investigates the relationship between adolescent alcohol use in 9th Grade and descriptive peer and injunctive friend norms in 8th grade, the moderating role of resistance to peer influence, and sex differences. Data were from South African students (N = 3592; M = 14) participating in the HealthWise South Africa implementation quality trial.
Path model results indicated injunctive friend norms, but not peer norms, influenced alcohol use. Resistance to peer influence did not moderate relationships and group comparisons found no sex differences.
Findings suggest social proximity shapes influences of alcohol use. Despite a differing cultural context, findings were consistent with those from the United States, indicating social proximity is relevant cross-culturally.
酒精是南非青少年最常使用的物质。社会规范在酒精使用中起着关键作用，尽管在描述性规范和指令性规范以及同伴接近度之间并没有总是做出区分。此外，很少有研究确定可以减弱社会规范、同伴接近度和酒精使用的因素，例如一个人抵制同伴影响的能力。
本研究调查了 9 年级青少年酒精使用与 8 年级描述性同伴和指令性朋友规范之间的关系、对同伴影响的抵制的调节作用以及性别差异。数据来自参加南非健康智慧实施质量试验的学生（N=3592；M=14）。
路径模型结果表明，指令性朋友规范而非同伴规范影响酒精使用。抵制同伴影响并没有调节这些关系，群体比较也没有发现性别差异。
研究结果表明，社会接近度塑造了酒精使用的影响。尽管存在不同的文化背景，但研究结果与美国的结果一致，表明社会接近度在跨文化中是相关的。
