Archer Douglas L, Kvenberg John E
Division of Microbiology, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC 20204.
J Food Prot. 1985 Oct;48(10):887-894. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X-48.10.887.
An estimated 68.7 to 275 million cases of diarrheal disease episodes from all causes occur annually in the United States, representing an average of 0.29 to 1.1 cases per person per year. The total number of cases of foodborne origin and subsequent person-to-person transfer was estimated to be at least 24 million and perhaps as many as 81 million or more cases per year. Updating previously published patient cost estimates, including lost wages as well as direct medical costs, the average estimate-based value for food-associated illness is in the billions of dollars per year. Scientifically established chronic sequellae to diarrheal disease further increase the total economic burden but cannot be estimated from available data. Other associated clinical problems that are likely to be related to acute diarrheal episodes would further increase costs.
据估计，美国每年因各种原因发生的腹泻病发作病例达6870万至2.75亿例，平均每人每年0.29至1.1例。据估计，每年食源性疾病及随后人际传播的病例总数至少为2400万例，甚至可能多达8100万例或更多。更新此前公布的患者成本估算，包括工资损失以及直接医疗成本，与食物相关疾病的平均估算价值每年达数十亿美元。腹泻病科学认定的慢性后遗症进一步增加了总体经济负担，但无法根据现有数据估算。其他可能与急性腹泻发作相关的临床问题会进一步增加成本。
