Ford Michael W, Odoi Agricola, Majowicz Shannon E, Michel Pascal, Middleton Dean, Ciebin Bruce, Doré Kathryn, McEwen Scott A, Aramini Jeffery A, Deeks Shelley, Jamieson Frances, Ahmed Rafiq, Rodgers Frank G, Wilson Jeff B
Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario.
Can J Infect Dis. 2003 Sep;14(5):267-73. doi: 10.1155/2003/936084.
Salmonella infections cause gastrointestinal and systemic diseases worldwide and are the leading causes of food-borne illnesses in North America (1-4). Salmonella serotype typhimurium (ST), in particular, is increasingly becoming a major public health concern because of its ability to acquire multiple resistant genes (5,6).
To describe demographic, temporal and geographical distributions, and reported risk factors of nonoutbreak cases of ST reported to a surveillance system in Ontario.
Descriptive analyses were performed on data on salmonellosis cases reported in Ontario between 1990 and 1998. Direct age- and sex-standardized rates were computed, and temporal trend analyses were performed using simple linear regression and a general additive model with a locally weighted regression (LOESS) smoother.
The mean annual rates of infections with all Salmonella serotypes and with ST were 27 cases per 100,000 persons and 3.7 cases per 100,000 persons, respectively. Males and children under five years of age had significantly higher rates of both ST and ST definitive type 104 (DT104) infections. There was also evidence of temporal clustering of all strains of Salmonella, with significantly more cases being reported during the summer. Significantly higher rates of ST DT104 were observed in urban areas compared with rural areas, suggesting potential differences in the geographical distribution of risk factors.
Information on demographic, temporal and geographical distributions, and risk factors is critical in planning disease control strategies. Further prospective analytical observation studies are needed to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of ST and ST DT104 in Ontario, which will better guide disease control decisions.
沙门氏菌感染在全球范围内引发胃肠道和全身性疾病，是北美食源性疾病的主要病因（1 - 4）。尤其是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（ST），因其能够获得多种耐药基因，日益成为主要的公共卫生问题（5,6）。
描述安大略省一个监测系统报告的ST非暴发病例的人口统计学、时间和地理分布以及报告的风险因素。
对1990年至1998年安大略省报告的沙门氏菌病病例数据进行描述性分析。计算直接年龄和性别标准化率，并使用简单线性回归和带有局部加权回归（LOESS）平滑器的广义相加模型进行时间趋势分析。
所有沙门氏菌血清型和ST的年平均感染率分别为每10万人27例和每10万人3.7例。男性和5岁以下儿童的ST及ST确定型104（DT104）感染率显著更高。还存在所有沙门氏菌菌株的时间聚集证据，夏季报告的病例明显更多。与农村地区相比，城市地区观察到ST DT104的发病率显著更高，表明风险因素的地理分布可能存在差异。
人口统计学、时间和地理分布以及风险因素的信息对于规划疾病控制策略至关重要。需要进一步开展前瞻性分析观察研究，以更好地了解安大略省ST和ST DT104的流行病学，从而更好地指导疾病控制决策。
