Nunna Srinivas, Maghe Maxime, Rana Rohit, Varley Russell J, Knorr Daniel B, Sands James M, Creighton Claudia, Henderson Luke C, Naebe Minoo
Carbon Nexus, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia.
U.S. Army Research Lab, Composite and Hybrid Materials Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD 21005, USA.
Materials (Basel). 2019 Apr 1;12(7):1069. doi: 10.3390/ma12071069.
Here we report on how residence time influences the evolution of the structure and properties through each stage of the carbon fibre manufacturing process. The chemical structural transformations and density variations in stabilized fibres were monitored by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and density column studies. The microstructural evolution and property variation in subsequent carbon fibres were studied by X-ray diffraction and monofilament tensile testing methods, which indicated that the fibres thermally stabilized at longer residence times showed higher degrees of structural conversion and attained higher densities. Overall, the density of stabilized fibres was maintained in the optimal range of 1.33 to 1.37 g/cm³. Interestingly, carbon fibres manufactured from higher density stabilized fibres possessed lower apparent crystallite size (1.599 nm). Moreover, the tensile strength of carbon fibres obtained from stabilized fibres at the high end of the observed range (density: 1.37 g/cm³) was at least 20% higher than the carbon fibres manufactured from low density (1.33 g/cm³) stabilized fibres. Conversely, the tensile modulus of carbon fibres produced from low density stabilized fibres was at least 17 GPa higher than those from high density stabilized fibres. Finally, it was shown that there is potential to customize the required properties of resultant carbon fibres suiting specific applications via careful control of residence time during the stabilization stage.
在此，我们报告停留时间如何在碳纤维制造过程的每个阶段影响结构和性能的演变。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱和密度柱研究监测了稳定化纤维中的化学结构转变和密度变化。通过X射线衍射和单丝拉伸测试方法研究了后续碳纤维中的微观结构演变和性能变化，结果表明，在较长停留时间下热稳定化的纤维显示出更高程度的结构转变并达到更高的密度。总体而言，稳定化纤维的密度保持在1.33至1.37 g/cm³的最佳范围内。有趣的是，由较高密度稳定化纤维制造的碳纤维具有较低的表观微晶尺寸（1.599 nm）。此外，在观察到的范围高端（密度：1.37 g/cm³）由稳定化纤维获得的碳纤维的拉伸强度比由低密度（1.33 g/cm³）稳定化纤维制造的碳纤维至少高20%。相反，由低密度稳定化纤维生产的碳纤维的拉伸模量比由高密度稳定化纤维生产的碳纤维至少高17 GPa。最后，结果表明，通过在稳定化阶段仔细控制停留时间，有可能定制适合特定应用的所得碳纤维的所需性能。
