1 Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, University of Zielona Góra, Poland.
2 Department of Physiotherapy in Internal Diseases, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland.
Am J Mens Health. 2019 Mar-Apr;13(2):1557988319841934. doi: 10.1177/1557988319841934.
Aging is associated with a progressive decline of muscle mass and/or the qualitative impairment of the muscle tissue. There is growing evidence of the prominent role of low-grade chronic inflammation in age-related changes in the neuromuscular system. The purpose of the study was to identify the inflammatory mediators responsible for deficit in functional fitness and to explain whether inflammation is related to changes in body composition and the decline of muscle strength in older men. Thirty-three old-aged males (73.5 ± 6.3 years) and twenty young-aged males (21.2 ± 1.3 years) participated in the study. The body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), functional capacity (6-min walking test) and knee extension strength (isokinetic test) were estimated. In serum, circulating inflammatory markers HO, IL-1β, TNFα, and hsCRP as well as growth factors IGF-I and PDGF concentrations were determined (immunoenzymatic methods). The concentrations of HO, IL-1β, TNFα, and hsCRP were significantly higher in older than young men. The growth factors IGF-I and PDGF were twofold lower and related to high levels of IL-1β and TNFα in the elderly. The changes in cytokines and growth factors levels were correlated with age and peak torque (TQ at 60°/s and 180°/s) in the knee extension. The result of the 6-min walking test was inversely correlated with fat mass index (FMI, r = -.983; p < .001). The generation of inflammatory mediators in older men was related to changes in body composition, maximum strength muscle, and age-related changes in skeletal muscle properties responsible for deficit in functional fitness.
衰老是与肌肉质量的逐渐下降和/或肌肉组织的质量受损相关的。越来越多的证据表明，低水平的慢性炎症在与年龄相关的神经肌肉系统变化中起着重要作用。本研究的目的是确定导致功能适应性下降的炎症介质，并解释炎症是否与身体成分的变化以及老年男性肌肉力量的下降有关。33 名老年男性（73.5 ± 6.3 岁）和 20 名年轻男性（21.2 ± 1.3 岁）参加了这项研究。通过生物电阻抗分析评估身体成分，通过 6 分钟步行测试评估功能能力，通过等速测试评估膝关节伸展力量。在血清中，测定循环炎症标志物 HO、IL-1β、TNFα 和 hsCRP 以及生长因子 IGF-I 和 PDGF 的浓度（免疫酶法）。HO、IL-1β、TNFα 和 hsCRP 的浓度在老年人中明显高于年轻人。生长因子 IGF-I 和 PDGF 降低了两倍，与老年人中高水平的 IL-1β 和 TNFα 相关。细胞因子和生长因子水平的变化与年龄和膝关节伸展的峰值扭矩（60°/s 和 180°/s 时的 TQ）相关。6 分钟步行测试的结果与脂肪质量指数（FMI，r = -.983；p <.001）呈负相关。老年男性炎症介质的产生与身体成分、最大力量肌肉以及与年龄相关的骨骼肌特性变化有关，这些变化导致了功能适应性的下降。
