Ribeiro Urssula Aparecida Santos Leal, Souza Valquíria Conceição, Lemos Stela Maris Aguiar
Fonoaudiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.
Codas. 2019 Apr 1;31(2):e20170287. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20182017287.
To verify the association between quality of life, socioenvironmental aspects and general health status of users of an Auditory Health Care Service.
Cross-sectional observational study with simple random sample. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 114 adults and elderly, aged 19-92, Individual Hearing Aids (IHA) users in an auditory health service. Participants answered questions regarding characterization, sociodemographic data and quality of life. To study the aspects of care, a search was carried out in the medical records. Mann Whitney, Chi-square and Fisher Exact tests were performed for association. The analyses were performed in the STATA software considering a 5% significance level. For the multivariate analysis, the full model was started with all significant variables at 20%. A logistic regression model was used to repeat the variables with p <5%.
The majority of the participants was female, aged over 60 years and had their first consultation with the speech-language therapist. As for WHOQOL-bref, more than half of the sample reported good quality of life and health satisfaction. Regarding the complaints associated with the majority of those who did not present dizziness, ear fullness and depression reported good quality of life. It was observed an association with statistical significance between health satisfaction, higher mean age and lower schooling. In the multivariate analysis, the effective use of hearing aids and no history of dizziness were associated with good quality of life. For the health variable it was found that not having dizziness increased the chances of being satisfied with health while each year the more schooling the chance to be satisfied reduced.
The use of IHA is related to a good perception of the quality of Life and health status of individuals with hearing loss.
验证听觉保健服务使用者的生活质量、社会环境因素与总体健康状况之间的关联。
采用简单随机抽样的横断面观察性研究。对114名年龄在19 - 92岁之间的成年和老年个体助听器（IHA）使用者进行了半结构化访谈，这些使用者来自一家听觉健康服务机构。参与者回答了有关特征、社会人口统计学数据和生活质量的问题。为研究护理方面的情况，对病历进行了查阅。采用曼 - 惠特尼检验、卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验进行关联性分析。在STATA软件中进行分析，显著性水平设定为5%。对于多变量分析，完整模型从所有在20%水平上显著的变量开始。使用逻辑回归模型对p < 5%的变量进行重复分析。
大多数参与者为女性，年龄超过60岁，首次咨询的是言语治疗师。至于世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHOQOL - bref），超过一半的样本报告生活质量良好且对健康满意。关于与大多数未出现头晕、耳闷和抑郁症状相关的主诉，报告的生活质量良好。观察到健康满意度、较高平均年龄和较低受教育程度之间存在统计学显著关联。在多变量分析中，助听器的有效使用和无头晕病史与良好的生活质量相关。对于健康变量，发现没有头晕会增加对健康满意的几率，而每多接受一年教育，对健康满意的几率就会降低。
IHA的使用与听力损失个体对生活质量和健康状况的良好认知有关。
