载银纳米粒子对大型溞的毒性及栅藻的营养传递。

The toxicity of coated silver nanoparticles to Daphnia carinata and trophic transfer from alga Raphidocelis subcapitata.

机构信息

Ecotoxicology Research Group, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.

Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2019 Apr 3;14(4):e0214398. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214398. eCollection 2019.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0214398

PMID:30943225

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6447189/

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) are causing threats to the environment. Silver NPs (AgNPs) are increasingly used in commercial products and may end up in freshwater ecosystems. The freshwater organisms are vulnerable due to water-borne and dietary exposure to AgNPs. Surface properties play an important role in the fate and behavior of AgNPs in the aquatic environment and their effects on organisms. However, effects of surface properties of AgNPs on organisms are poorly understood. In this study, we explored the effects of AgNPs coated with three different ligands; Tyrosine (T-AgNP), Epigallocatechin gallate (E-AgNP) and Curcumin (C-AgNP) in relation to the toxicity to a key aquatic organism; Daphnia carinata. The study focused on how coatings determine fate of NPs in the medium, mortality, feeding behaviour, bioaccumulation and trophic transfer from the freshwater alga, Raphidocelis subcapitata to daphnids. NP stability tests indicated that T-AgNPs were least stable in the ASTM daphnia medium while C-AgNPs were most stable. 48 h EC50 values of AgNPs to D. carinata were in the order of E-AgNP (19.37 μg L-1) > C-AgNP (21.37 μg L-1) > T-AgNP (49.74 μg L-1) while the 48 h EC50 value of Ag+ ions was 1.21 μg L-1. AgNP contaminated algae significantly decreased the feeding rates of daphnids. However, no significant differences were observed in feeding rates between algae contaminated with differently coated AgNPs. Trophic transfer studies showed that AgNPs were transferred from algae to daphnids. The bioacumulation of AgNPs in algae and the diet-borne bioaccumulation of AgNPs in daphnids varied for differently coated AgNPs. Bioaccumulation of C-AgNPs in algae was 1.5 time higher than T-AgNPs. However, the accumulation of T-AgNPs in daphnids via trophic transfer was 2.6 times higher than T-AgNPs. The knowledge generated from this study enhances the understanding of surface property dependent toxicity, bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of AgNPs in aquatic environments.

摘要

纳米颗粒（NPs）对环境构成威胁。银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）越来越多地用于商业产品，并可能最终进入淡水生态系统。由于水载和饮食暴露于 AgNPs，淡水生物易受影响。表面性质在 AgNPs 在水生环境中的归宿和行为及其对生物的影响中起着重要作用。然而，AgNPs 表面性质对生物的影响还知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们探讨了涂有三种不同配体的 AgNPs 的影响；酪氨酸（T-AgNP）、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（E-AgNP）和姜黄素（C-AgNP）与一种关键水生生物；多刺裸腹溞的毒性有关。该研究侧重于涂层如何决定 NPs 在介质中的命运、死亡率、摄食行为、生物积累以及从淡水藻类莱茵衣藻到溞的营养转移。NP 稳定性测试表明，T-AgNPs 在 ASTM 溞介质中最不稳定，而 C-AgNPs 最稳定。AgNPs 对 D. carinata 的 48 h EC50 值顺序为 E-AgNP（19.37 μg L-1）>C-AgNP（21.37 μg L-1）>T-AgNP（49.74 μg L-1），而 Ag+离子的 48 h EC50 值为 1.21 μg L-1。AgNP 污染的藻类显著降低了溞的摄食率。然而，用不同涂层的 AgNPs 污染的藻类之间的摄食率没有显著差异。营养转移研究表明，AgNPs 从藻类转移到溞。藻类中 AgNPs 的生物积累和溞中饮食来源的 AgNPs 生物积累因不同涂层的 AgNPs 而有所不同。C-AgNPs 在藻类中的生物积累是 T-AgNPs 的 1.5 倍。然而，通过营养转移，T-AgNPs 在溞中的积累是 T-AgNPs 的 2.6 倍。本研究产生的知识增强了对表面性质依赖性毒性、AgNPs 在水生环境中的生物积累和营养转移的理解。