Dong Xue, Bao Min
CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
J Vis. 2019 Apr 1;19(4):6. doi: 10.1167/19.4.6.
Both adaptation and perceptual learning can change how we perceive the visual environment, reflecting the plasticity of the visual system. Our previous work has investigated the interaction between the two aspects of visual plasticity. One of the main findings is that multiple days of repeated motion adaptation attenuates motion aftereffect, which is explained by habituation of motion adaptation. Interestingly, there was almost no transfer of the effect to the untrained adapter, which differed from the trained adapter in the features including retinotopic location, spatiotopic location, and motion direction. Given that the reference frame of motion aftereffect is proposed to be retinotopic, it remains unclear whether the effect we refer to as habituation effect of motion adaptation is more like a special type of motion adaptation or not. Therefore, in three experiments, we examined the role of retinotopic location, spatiotopic location, and motion direction on the transfer of habituation, respectively. In each experiment, only one of the features was kept the same for the trained and untrained conditions. We found that the habituation effect transferred across both the retinotopic and spatiotopic locations as long as the adapting direction remained the same. The findings indicate that the effect we refer to as habituation of motion adaptation is anchored neither in eye-centered (retinotopic) nor world-centered (spatiotopic) coordinates. Rather, it is specific to the direction of the adapter. Therefore, the habituation effect of motion adaptation cannot be ascribed to a variant of motion adaptation.
适应和知觉学习都可以改变我们对视觉环境的感知方式，这反映了视觉系统的可塑性。我们之前的研究探讨了视觉可塑性这两个方面之间的相互作用。主要发现之一是，多天重复的运动适应会减弱运动后效，这可以用运动适应的习惯化来解释。有趣的是，这种效应几乎不会转移到未训练的适应刺激上，未训练的适应刺激在视网膜定位、空间定位和运动方向等特征上与训练过的适应刺激不同。鉴于运动后效的参照系被认为是视网膜定位的，我们所说的运动适应习惯化效应是否更像是一种特殊类型的运动适应仍不清楚。因此，在三个实验中，我们分别研究了视网膜定位、空间定位和运动方向在习惯化转移中的作用。在每个实验中，对于训练和未训练条件，只有一个特征保持相同。我们发现，只要适应方向保持不变，习惯化效应就能在视网膜定位和空间定位之间转移。这些发现表明，我们所说的运动适应习惯化效应既不锚定在以眼睛为中心（视网膜定位）的坐标上，也不锚定在以世界为中心（空间定位）的坐标上。相反，它特定于适应刺激的方向。因此，运动适应的习惯化效应不能归因于运动适应的一种变体。
