1 Department of Educational Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
2 Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.
Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2019 May;22(5):300-306. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2018.0551. Epub 2019 Apr 4.
Online hatred based on attributes, such as origin, race, gender, religion, or sexual orientation, has become a rising public concern across the world. Past research on aggressive behavior suggests strong associations between victimization and perpetration and that toxic online disinhibition and sex might influence this relationship. However, no study investigated both the relationship between online hate victimization and perpetration and the potential moderation effects of toxic online disinhibition on this relationship. To this end, the present study was conducted. The sample consists of 1,480 7th to 10th graders from Germany. Results revealed positive associations between online hate victimization and perpetration. Furthermore, the results support the idea that toxic online disinhibition and sex, by way of moderator effects, affect the relationship between online hate victimization and perpetration. Victims of online hate reported more online hate perpetration when they reported higher levels of online disinhibition and less frequent online hate perpetration when they reported lower levels of toxic online disinhibition. Additionally, the relationship between online hate victimization and perpetration was significantly greater among boys than among girls. Taken together, our results extend previous findings to online hate involvement among adolescents and substantiate the importance to conduct more research on online hate. In addition, our findings highlight the need for prevention and intervention programs that help adolescents deal with the emerging issue of online hate.
基于出身、种族、性别、宗教或性取向等属性的网络仇恨已成为全世界日益引人关注的问题。过往有关攻击行为的研究表明，受害者和加害者之间存在强烈关联，且网络放纵和性别可能会影响这种关系。然而，尚无研究调查网络仇恨的受害与加害之间的关系，以及网络放纵的毒性在这种关系中可能产生的调节作用。为此，本研究进行了此项调查。样本由来自德国的 7 至 10 年级的 1480 名学生组成。研究结果表明，网络仇恨的受害与加害之间存在正相关。此外，研究结果支持这样一种观点，即网络放纵的毒性和性别通过调节作用，影响网络仇恨受害与加害之间的关系。遭受网络仇恨的受害者报告称，其网络放纵程度越高，进行网络仇恨加害的可能性越大，而网络放纵的毒性越低，进行网络仇恨加害的可能性越低。此外，网络仇恨受害与加害之间的关系在男孩中比在女孩中更为显著。总之，我们的研究结果将先前的研究结果扩展到青少年的网络仇恨参与度，并证实了对网络仇恨进行更多研究的重要性。此外，我们的研究结果突出了需要制定预防和干预计划，帮助青少年应对网络仇恨这一日益严重的问题。
