Rappole Catherine, Canham-Chervak Michelle, Taylor Bonnie, Jones Bruce H
a Injury Prevention Division , United States Army Public Health Center , Aberdeen Proving Ground , Maryland , USA.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2019;20(2):174-181. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2018.1532082. Epub 2019 Apr 4.
Research on factors associated with motorcycle fatalities among active duty U.S. Army personnel is limited. This analysis describes motorcycle crash-related injuries from 1995 through 2014 and assesses the effect of alcohol use and helmet use on the risk of fatal injury among active duty U.S. Army motorcycle operators involved in a traffic crash, controlling for other factors shown to be potentially associated with fatality in this population.
Demographics, crash information, and injury data were obtained from safety reports maintained in the Army Safety Management Information System. Traffic crashes were defined as crashes occurring on a paved public or private roadway or parking area, including those on a U.S. Army installation. Analysis was limited to motorcycle operators. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) from a multivariable analysis estimated the effect of alcohol use and helmet use on the risk of a fatal injury given a crash occurred, controlling for operator and crash characteristics.
Of the 2,852 motorcycle traffic crashes, most involved men (97%), operators aged 20-29 years of age (60%), and operators who wore helmets (95%) and did not use alcohol (92%). Two thirds of reported crashes resulted in injuries requiring a lost workday; 17% resulted in fatality. Controlling for operator and crash characteristics, motorcycle traffic crashes involving operators who had used alcohol had a 3.1 times higher odds of fatality than those who did not use alcohol (OR =3.14; 95% CI, 2.17-4.53). Operators who did not wear a helmet had 1.9 times higher odds of fatality than those who did wear a helmet (OR =1.89; 95% CI, 1.24-2.89).
Among U.S. Army motorcycle operators, alcohol use and not wearing a helmet increased the odds of fatality, given that a crash occurred, and additional modifiable risk factors were identified. Results will help inform U.S. Army motorcycle policies and training.
关于美国现役陆军人员中与摩托车死亡相关因素的研究有限。本分析描述了1995年至2014年与摩托车碰撞相关的伤害情况，并评估了饮酒和佩戴头盔对涉及交通事故的美国现役陆军摩托车驾驶员致命伤害风险的影响，同时控制了该人群中其他显示可能与死亡相关的因素。
从陆军安全管理信息系统中保存的安全报告获取人口统计学、碰撞信息和伤害数据。交通事故定义为发生在铺砌的公共或私人道路或停车场的碰撞，包括在美国陆军设施内发生的碰撞。分析仅限于摩托车驾驶员。多变量分析得出的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）估计了在发生碰撞的情况下饮酒和佩戴头盔对致命伤害风险的影响，同时控制驾驶员和碰撞特征。
在2852起摩托车交通事故中，大多数涉及男性（97%）、年龄在20至29岁的驾驶员（60%）、佩戴头盔的驾驶员（95%）以及未饮酒的驾驶员（92%）。报告的碰撞事故中有三分之二导致了需要损失工作日的伤害；17%导致死亡。在控制驾驶员和碰撞特征后，涉及饮酒驾驶员的摩托车交通事故死亡几率比未饮酒驾驶员高3.1倍（OR = 3.14；95%CI，2.17 - 4.53）。未佩戴头盔的驾驶员死亡几率比佩戴头盔的驾驶员高1.9倍（OR = 1.89；95%CI，1.24 - 2.89）。
在美国陆军摩托车驾驶员中，发生碰撞时饮酒和未佩戴头盔会增加死亡几率，并且还识别出了其他可改变的风险因素。研究结果将有助于为美国陆军的摩托车政策和培训提供信息。
