CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Nat Biomed Eng. 2019 Mar;3(3):183-193. doi: 10.1038/s41551-018-0343-6. Epub 2019 Jan 21.
Non-invasive assays for early cancer screening are hampered by challenges in the isolation and profiling of circulating biomarkers. Here, we show that surface proteins from serum extracellular vesicles labelled with a panel of seven fluorescent aptamers can be profiled, via thermophoretic enrichment and linear discriminant analysis, for cancer detection and classification. In a cohort of 102 patients, including 6 cancer types at stages I-IV, the assay detected stage I cancers with 95% sensitivity (95% confidence interval (CI): 74-100%) and 100% specificity (95% CI: 80-100%), and classified the cancer type with an overall accuracy of 68% (95% CI: 59-77%). For patients who underwent prostate biopsies, the assay was superior to the analysis of prostate-specific antigen levels (area under the curve: 0.94 versus 0.68; 33 patients) for the discrimination of prostate cancer and benign prostate enlargement, and also in the assessment of biochemical cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy. The assay is inexpensive, fast, and requires small serum volumes (<1 µl), and if validated in larger cohorts may facilitate cancer screening, classification and monitoring.
用于早期癌症筛查的非侵入性检测方法受到循环生物标志物分离和分析方面的挑战所阻碍。在这里，我们展示了通过热泳富集和线性判别分析，可以对用一组七个荧光适体标记的血清细胞外囊泡的表面蛋白进行分析，以用于癌症检测和分类。在包括 I-IV 期 6 种癌症类型的 102 名患者队列中，该检测方法以 95%的灵敏度（95%置信区间 (CI)：74-100%）和 100%的特异性（95%CI：80-100%）检测到 I 期癌症，总体准确率为 68%（95%CI：59-77%），用于分类癌症类型。对于接受前列腺活检的患者，该检测方法优于分析前列腺特异性抗原水平（曲线下面积：0.94 与 0.68；33 名患者），用于区分前列腺癌和良性前列腺增生，并在评估根治性前列腺切除术后的生化癌症复发方面也更具优势。该检测方法成本低廉、快速，且仅需少量血清（<1µl），如果在更大的队列中得到验证，可能会促进癌症筛查、分类和监测。
