婴儿的鼻病毒感染表明，早期检测可以预防不必要的治疗。

Rhinovirus infections in infants suggest that early detection can prevent unnecessary treatment.

机构信息

Pediatric Department A, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Israel.

Central Virology Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, 52621, Israel; The Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel.

出版信息

J Clin Virol. 2019 Jun;115:11-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2019.03.012. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

DOI:10.1016/j.jcv.2019.03.012

PMID:30952067

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Human rhinoviruses (hRV) are small, RNA viruses of the Picornaviridae family, which are divided into three subtypes (A, B, C). hRVs are among the most common causes for acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) involving both the upper and lower respiratory tract.

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to assess the magnitude and characteristics of hRV infections in hospitalized children, aged less than 5 years, hospitalized in Israel during 2011-2012.

STUDY DESIGN

The 2503 respiratory samples were subjected to real-time PCR, to detect hRV and other respiratory viruses. Rhinovirus-positive samples were further tested by sequencing to identify the infecting species.

RESULTS

Of these 2503 respiratory samples, 422 tested positive for hRV, of them, 243 were from children under 5 years of age (58% of all rhinoviral-positive samples). We also found that among the ARI-associated hospital admissions, 16% were positive for rhinovirus. hRV type A was the most common species. Laboratory data showed monocytosis in 51%, hypercalcemia in 61% and lower respiratory tract involvement in 75% of patients.

CONCLUSIONS

We thus recommend including rhinovirus testing as part of the routine testing performed in young children presenting with ARI.

摘要

背景

人鼻病毒（HRV）是小的 RNA 病毒，属于小 RNA 病毒科，分为三个亚型（A、B、C）。HRV 是引起急性呼吸道疾病（ARI）的最常见原因之一，ARI 涉及上呼吸道和下呼吸道。

目的

本研究旨在评估 2011-2012 年期间在以色列住院的 5 岁以下儿童中 HRV 感染的严重程度和特征。

研究设计

对 2503 例呼吸道样本进行实时 PCR 检测，以检测 HRV 和其他呼吸道病毒。对 HRV 阳性样本进行测序，以鉴定感染的病毒种类。

结果

在这 2503 例呼吸道样本中，422 例检测出 HRV 阳性，其中 243 例来自 5 岁以下儿童（所有 HRV 阳性样本的 58%）。我们还发现，在与 ARI 相关的住院患者中，有 16%的患者检测出鼻病毒阳性。HRV 型 A 是最常见的病毒种类。实验室数据显示，51%的患者单核细胞增多症，61%的患者高钙血症，75%的患者下呼吸道受累。