State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2019 Jun;80:248-256. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.01.001. Epub 2019 Jan 14.
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), human pathogenic bacteria (HPB), and HPB carrying ARGs are public issues that pose a high risk to aquatic environments and public health. Their diversity and abundance in water, intestine, and sediments of shrimp culture pond were investigated using metagenomic approach. A total of 19 classes of ARGs, 52 HPB species, and 7 species of HPB carrying ARGs were found. Additionally, 157, 104, and 86 subtypes of ARGs were detected in shrimp intestine, pond water, and sediment samples, respectively. In all the samples, multidrug resistance genes were the highest abundant class of ARGs. The dominant HPB was Enterococcus faecalis in shrimp intestine, Vibrio parahaemolyticus in sediments, and Mycobacterium yongonense in water, respectively. Moreover, E. faecalis (contig Intestine_364647) and Enterococcus faecium (contig Intestine_80272) carrying efrA, efrB and ANT(6)-Ia were found in shrimp intestine, Desulfosaricina cetonica (contig Sediment_825143) and Escherichia coli (contig Sediment_188430) carrying mexB and APH(3')-IIa were found in sediments, and Laribacter hongkongensis (contig Water_478168 and Water_369477), Shigella sonnei (contig Water_880246), and Acinetobacter baumannii (contig Water_525520) carrying sul1, sul2, ereA, qacH, OXA-21, and mphD were found in pond water. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) analysis indicated that horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of integrons, insertion sequences, and plasmids existed in shrimp intestine, sediment, and water samples, and the abundance of integrons was higher than that of other two MGEs. The results suggested that HPB carrying ARGs potentially existed in aquatic environments, and that these contributed to the environment and public health risk evaluation.
抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）、人类病原菌（HPB）和携带 ARGs 的 HPB 是对水生环境和公共健康构成高风险的公共问题。采用宏基因组学方法研究了虾养殖池塘水、肠和沉积物中 ARGs 的多样性和丰度。共发现 19 类 ARGs、52 种 HPB 物种和 7 种携带 ARGs 的 HPB。此外，在虾肠、池塘水和沉积物样本中分别检测到 157、104 和 86 种 ARGs 亚型。在所有样本中，多药耐药基因是 ARGs 中最丰富的一类。虾肠中优势 HPB 为粪肠球菌，沉积物中为副溶血弧菌，水中为永福不动杆菌。此外，在虾肠中发现了携带 efrA、efrB 和 ANT(6)-Ia 的粪肠球菌（Intestine_364647 基因簇）和屎肠球菌（Intestine_80272 基因簇），沉积物中发现了携带 mexB 和 APH(3')-IIa 的脱硫弧菌（Sediment_825143 基因簇）和大肠杆菌（Sediment_188430 基因簇），池塘水中发现了携带 sul1、sul2、ereA、qacH、OXA-21 和 mphD 的香港阿克曼氏菌（Laribacter hongkongensis，Water_478168 和 Water_369477 基因簇）、宋内志贺菌（Shigella sonnei，Water_880246 基因簇）和鲍曼不动杆菌（Acinetobacter baumannii，Water_525520 基因簇）。移动遗传元件（MGEs）分析表明，整合子、插入序列和质粒的水平基因转移（HGT）存在于虾肠、沉积物和水样中，且整合子的丰度高于其他两种 MGEs。结果表明，携带 ARGs 的 HPB 可能存在于水生环境中，这对环境和公共健康风险评估具有重要意义。
