Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A.
Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2019 Apr 30;47(2):489-508. doi: 10.1042/BST20180036. Epub 2019 Apr 5.
Morphometric measurements, such as quantifying cell shape, characterizing sub-cellular organization, and probing cell-cell interactions, are fundamental in cell biology and clinical medicine. Until quite recently, the main source of morphometric data on cells has been light- and electron-based microscope images. However, many technological advances have propelled X-ray microscopy into becoming another source of high-quality morphometric information. Here, we review the status of X-ray microscopy as a quantitative biological imaging modality. We also describe the combination of X-ray microscopy data with information from other modalities to generate polychromatic views of biological systems. For example, the amalgamation of molecular localization data, from fluorescence microscopy or spectromicroscopy, with structural information from X-ray tomography. This combination of data from the same specimen generates a more complete picture of the system than that can be obtained by a single microscopy method. Such multimodal combinations greatly enhance our understanding of biology by combining physiological and morphological data to create models that more accurately reflect the complexities of life.
形态测量学测量，例如量化细胞形状、描述亚细胞结构、探测细胞间相互作用，是细胞生物学和临床医学的基础。直到最近，细胞形态计量数据的主要来源还是基于光和电子显微镜的图像。然而，许多技术进步推动了 X 射线显微镜成为另一种高质量形态计量信息的来源。在这里，我们回顾了 X 射线显微镜作为一种定量生物成像模式的现状。我们还描述了将 X 射线显微镜数据与来自其他模式的数据相结合，以生成生物系统的多色视图。例如，将荧光显微镜或光谱显微镜的分子定位数据与 X 射线断层扫描的结构信息相结合。来自同一标本的数据的这种组合比单个显微镜方法获得的系统更完整的图像。这种多模态组合通过结合生理和形态数据来创建更准确反映生命复杂性的模型，极大地增强了我们对生物学的理解。
