Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Aesthet Surg J. 2020 Feb 17;40(3):281-295. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjz099.
Staphylococcus epidermidis is a primary cause of breast implant-associated infection. S epidermidis possesses several virulence factors that enable it to bind both abiotic surfaces and host factors to form a biofilm. In addition S epidermidis colocalizes with matrix proteins coating explanted human breast implants.
The authors sought to identify matrix proteins that S epidermidis may exploit to infect various breast implant surfaces in vitro.
A combination of in vitro assays was used to characterize S epidermidis strains isolated from human breast implants to gain a better understanding of how these bacteria colonize breast implant surfaces. These included determining the (1) minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations for irrigation solutions commonly used to prevent breast implant contamination; (2) expression and carriage of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin and serine-aspartate repeat proteins, which bind fibrinogen (SdrG) and collagen (SdrF), respectively; and (3) biofilm formation on varying implant surface characteristics, in different growth media, and supplemented with fibrinogen and Types I and III collagen. Scanning electron microscopy and immunofluorescence staining analyses were performed to corroborate findings from these assays.
Textured breast implant surfaces support greater bacterial biofilm formation at baseline, and the addition of collagen significantly increases biomass on all surfaces tested. We found that S epidermidis isolated from breast implants all encoded SdrF. Consistent with this finding, these strains had a clear affinity for Type I collagen, forming dense, highly structured biofilms in its presence.
The authors found that S epidermidis may utilize SdrF to interact with Type I collagen to form biofilm on breast implant surfaces.
表皮葡萄球菌是导致乳房植入物相关感染的主要原因。表皮葡萄球菌拥有多种毒力因子，使其能够结合非生物表面和宿主因子形成生物膜。此外，表皮葡萄球菌与涂覆在已植入人体乳房植入物上的基质蛋白共定位。
作者试图确定表皮葡萄球菌可能用于在体外感染各种乳房植入物表面的基质蛋白。
采用体外检测组合的方法来表征从人类乳房植入物中分离的表皮葡萄球菌菌株，以更好地了解这些细菌如何定植乳房植入物表面。这些检测包括确定（1）常用于预防乳房植入物污染的冲洗液的最低抑菌和杀菌浓度；（2）表达和携带多糖细胞间黏附素和丝氨酸-天冬氨酸重复蛋白，分别与纤维蛋白原（SdrG）和胶原蛋白（SdrF）结合；（3）在不同的植入物表面特性、不同的生长培养基中，并补充纤维蛋白原和 I 型和 III 型胶原蛋白的情况下形成生物膜。进行扫描电子显微镜和免疫荧光染色分析以证实这些检测的结果。
有纹理的乳房植入物表面在基线时支持更大的细菌生物膜形成，并且在所有测试的表面上添加胶原蛋白都会显著增加生物量。我们发现，从乳房植入物中分离的表皮葡萄球菌均编码 SdrF。与这一发现一致，这些菌株对 I 型胶原蛋白具有明显的亲和力，在其存在下形成密集、高度结构化的生物膜。
作者发现表皮葡萄球菌可能利用 SdrF 与 I 型胶原蛋白相互作用，在乳房植入物表面形成生物膜。
