ISGlobal. Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF). Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium; Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
Environ Res. 2019 Jun;173:387-396. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.032. Epub 2019 Mar 16.
To assess the main and interaction effects of black carbon and physical activity on arterial blood pressure in a healthy adult population from three European cities using objective personal measurements over short-term (hours and days) and long-term exposure.
A panel study of 122 healthy adults was performed in three European cities (Antwerp, Barcelona, and London). In 3 seasons between March 2015 and March 2016, each participant wore sensors for one week to objectively measure their exposure to black carbon and monitor their physical activity continuously. Blood pressure was assessed three times during the week: at the beginning (day 0), in the middle (day 4), and at the end (day 7). Associations of black carbon and physical activity with blood pressure and their interactions were investigated with linear regression models and multiplicative interaction terms, adjusting for all the potential confounders.
In multiple exposure models, we did not see any effects of black carbon on blood pressure but did see effects on systolic blood pressure of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity effect that were statistically significant from 1 h to 8 h after exposure and for long-term exposure. For a 1METhour increase of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, the difference in the expected mean systolic blood pressure varied from -1.46 mmHg (95%CI -2.11, -0.80) for 1 h mean exposure, to -0.29 mmHg (95%CI -0.55, -0.03) for 8 h mean exposure, and -0.05 mmHg (95%CI -0.09, -0.00) for long-term exposure. There were little to no interaction effects.
Results from this study provide evidence that short-term and long-term exposure to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with a decrease in systolic blood pressure levels. We did not find evidence for a consistent main effect of black carbon on blood pressure, nor any interaction between black carbon and physical activity levels.
使用短期（小时和天）和长期暴露的客观个人测量值，评估来自三个欧洲城市的健康成年人群体中黑碳和体力活动对动脉血压的主要和交互作用。
在三个欧洲城市（安特卫普、巴塞罗那和伦敦）进行了一项 122 名健康成年人的队列研究。在 2015 年 3 月至 2016 年 3 月的三个季节中，每个参与者都佩戴传感器一周，以客观测量他们的黑碳暴露情况，并连续监测他们的体力活动。在一周内进行了三次血压评估：开始时（第 0 天）、中间时（第 4 天）和结束时（第 7 天）。使用线性回归模型和乘法交互项调整所有潜在混杂因素后，研究了黑碳和体力活动与血压的关联及其相互作用。
在多项暴露模型中，我们没有看到黑碳对血压的任何影响，但确实看到了中等到剧烈体力活动对收缩压的影响，从暴露后 1 小时到 8 小时以及长期暴露时具有统计学意义。对于中等到剧烈体力活动增加 1METhour，预期平均收缩压的差异从 1 小时平均暴露时的-1.46mmHg（95%CI-2.11，-0.80）到 8 小时平均暴露时的-0.29mmHg（95%CI-0.55，-0.03），以及长期暴露时的-0.05mmHg（95%CI-0.09，-0.00）。几乎没有相互作用的影响。
本研究结果提供了证据表明，短期和长期暴露于中等到剧烈体力活动与收缩压水平降低有关。我们没有发现黑碳对血压有一致的主要影响的证据，也没有发现黑碳和体力活动水平之间的任何相互作用。
