Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Environ Health. 2022 Nov 6;21(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s12940-022-00922-3.
The interplay between physical activity (PA) and air pollution in relation to type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains largely unknown. Based on a large population-based cohort study, this study aimed to examine whether the benefits of PA with respect to the risk of T2D are moderated by exposure to air pollution.
UK Biobank participants (n = 359,153) without diabetes at baseline were included. Information on PA was obtained using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form. Exposure to air pollution, including PM, PM (PM), PM, and NO was estimated from land use regression models. Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).
During a median of 8.9 years of follow-up, 13,706 T2D events were recorded. Compared with a low PA level, the HRs for the risk of T2D among individuals with moderate and high PA were 0.82 (95% CI, 0.79-0.86) and 0.73 (95% CI, 0.70-0.77), respectively. Compared with low levels of air pollution, the HRs for risk of T2D for high levels of air pollution (PM, PM, PM, and NO) were 1.19 (1.14-1.24), 1.06 (1.02-1.11), 1.13 (1.08-1.18), and 1.19 (1.14-1.24), respectively. There was no effect modification of the associations between PA and T2D by air pollution (all P-interactions > 0.05). The inverse associations between PA and T2D in each air pollution stratum were generally consistent (all P for trend < 0.05).
A higher PA and lower air pollution level were independently associated with a lower risk of T2D. The beneficial effects of PA on T2D generally remained stable among participants exposed to different levels of air pollution. Further studies are needed to replicate our findings in moderately and severely polluted areas.
体力活动（PA）与空气污染之间的相互作用与 2 型糖尿病（T2D）之间的关系在很大程度上尚不清楚。基于一项大型基于人群的队列研究，本研究旨在检查 PA 对 T2D 风险的益处是否受空气污染暴露的调节。
本研究纳入了基线时无糖尿病的英国生物银行参与者（n=359153）。使用国际体力活动问卷短表获取 PA 信息。使用基于土地利用的回归模型估算空气污染（包括 PM、PM（PM）、PM 和 NO）的暴露情况。使用 Cox 回归模型估计危险比（HRs）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
在中位数为 8.9 年的随访期间，记录了 13706 例 T2D 事件。与低 PA 水平相比，PA 水平中等和高的个体患 T2D 的 HR 分别为 0.82（95%CI，0.79-0.86）和 0.73（95%CI，0.70-0.77）。与低水平空气污染相比，高水平空气污染（PM、PM、PM 和 NO）与 T2D 风险的 HR 分别为 1.19（1.14-1.24）、1.06（1.02-1.11）、1.13（1.08-1.18）和 1.19（1.14-1.24）。PA 和 T2D 之间的关联不受空气污染的影响修饰（所有 P 交互作用均>0.05）。在每个空气污染层中，PA 与 T2D 之间的负相关关系通常一致（所有 P 趋势<0.05）。
较高的 PA 和较低的空气污染水平与较低的 T2D 风险独立相关。PA 对 T2D 的有益影响在暴露于不同水平空气污染的参与者中通常保持稳定。需要进一步的研究来复制我们在中度和重度污染地区的发现。
