Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
Buca Faculty of Education, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2019 Jun;102(6):822-828. doi: 10.1007/s00128-019-02605-1. Epub 2019 Apr 6.
The present study was carried out to ascertain the level of various metals in wheat variety (Chagi-4) irrigated with diverse doses of wastewater. The concentration of metals in soil, water and wheat grain samples was examined through an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In wheat grains, the mean values of metals (mg/kg) varied from 0.06 to 0.2 for Pb, 1.2 to 1.6 for Cd, 0.6 to 0.9 for Ni, 0.8 to 1.6 for Fe, 0.4 to 1.0 for Mn, 0.7 to 1.4 for Cu, 0.3 to 0.5 for Cr, 0.1 to 0.9 for Zn and 0.03 to 0.2 for Co, correspondingly. Measured concentrations were found within the permissible limit given by FAO/WHO except for cadmium whose concentration exceeded an acceptable limit 0.2 mg/kg suggested by FAO/WHO. It might be due to high soil pH, which hinders the efficient transfer of metals between different mediums. Wastewater irrigated soil, wheat and water had high metal values, but the low rate of transfer was noticed from soil to grains. Higher bioconcentration factor was obtained for manganese and cadmium; cadmium had even higher pollution load index, which could indicate the contamination status of soil. Therefore, regular monitoring of wastewater is necessary to prevent the excessive build-up of metals.
本研究旨在确定不同剂量废水灌溉的小麦品种（Chagi-4）中各种金属的含量。通过原子吸收分光光度计检测土壤、水和小麦籽粒样品中的金属浓度。在小麦籽粒中，金属（mg/kg）的平均值从 Pb 的 0.06 到 0.2，Cd 的 1.2 到 1.6，Ni 的 0.6 到 0.9，Fe 的 0.8 到 1.6，Mn 的 0.4 到 1.0，Cu 的 0.7 到 1.4，Cr 的 0.3 到 0.5，Zn 的 0.1 到 0.9 和 Co 的 0.03 到 0.2。所测浓度均在 FAO/WHO 规定的允许范围内，除 Cd 浓度超过 FAO/WHO 建议的 0.2mg/kg 可接受限值。这可能是由于高土壤 pH 值阻碍了金属在不同介质之间的有效转移。废水灌溉土壤、小麦和水的金属含量较高，但从土壤到谷物的转移率较低。Mn 和 Cd 的生物浓缩系数较高；Cd 的污染负荷指数甚至更高，这表明土壤的污染状况。因此，有必要对废水进行定期监测，以防止金属的过度积累。
