CEESA ComPath Study Group, Brussels, Belgium.
Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
J Appl Microbiol. 2019 Jul;127(1):29-46. doi: 10.1111/jam.14274. Epub 2019 May 16.
To present antimicrobial susceptibilities for bacteria from dogs and cats with respiratory tract infection (RTI) across Europe in 2013-2014 and compare with data from 2008-2010.
Minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined for 464 isolates following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standards using antibiotics approved for RTI treatment. Where possible, susceptibility was calculated using predominantly human-derived breakpoints whilst some antibiotics had no breakpoints. The main pathogen from dogs was Staphylococcus pseudintermedius which was > 90% susceptible to fluoroquinolones and oxacillin (92·5%; six isolates confirmed mecA-positive) and 53·8, 80·0 and 88·8% susceptible to tetracycline, penicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Streptococci, Escherichia coli, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were also present in dog RTI. Streptococci were fully susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin and pradofloxacin. None were enrofloxacin-resistant but 31·4% had intermediate susceptibility. The least active agent against streptococci was tetracycline (51·4% susceptible). For E. coli, 90·9% were amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-susceptible; susceptibility to other compounds ranged from 63·6 to 81·8%. There are no breakpoints for B. bronchiseptica and Ps. aeruginosa. For Staph. aureus, penicillin susceptibility was low (34·8%); for other compounds 87·0-100%. The main RTI pathogen from cats was Pasteurella multocida, where only pradofloxacin has breakpoints (100% susceptible). Susceptibility of coagulase-negative staphylococci ranged from 66·7% (penicillin) to 97·2% (pradofloxacin). Streptococci from cats were 100% susceptible to all antibiotics except enrofloxacin and tetracycline (both 65·2% susceptible).
Overall, antimicrobial resistance was low to medium in RTI in dogs and cats, although susceptibility varied widely among pathogens studied.
Responsible use of antibiotics is crucial to maintain susceptibility and continued resistance monitoring is important to support this goal. These findings support the need for the setting of RTI-specific breakpoints for pathogens of dogs and cats.
介绍 2013-2014 年欧洲犬猫呼吸道感染（RTI）分离菌的抗菌药物敏感性，并与 2008-2010 年的数据进行比较。
按照临床和实验室标准协会（CLSI）标准，用批准用于 RTI 治疗的抗生素对 464 株分离菌进行最小抑菌浓度测定。在可能的情况下，使用主要来源于人的折点计算药敏性，而有些抗生素没有折点。主要来源于犬的病原体是中间葡萄球菌，对氟喹诺酮类和苯唑西林的敏感性＞90%（92.5%；6 株分离菌确认为 mecA 阳性），对四环素、青霉素和复方磺胺甲噁唑的敏感性分别为 53.8%、80.0%和 88.8%。犬 RTI 中还存在链球菌、大肠杆菌、支气管败血波氏杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌。链球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林和普多氟洛沙星完全敏感。无恩诺沙星耐药株，但有 31.4%的中间敏感株。对链球菌活性最低的药物是四环素（51.4%敏感）。对大肠杆菌，90.9%的菌株对阿莫西林/克拉维酸敏感；对其他化合物的敏感性范围为 63.6%至 81.8%。无支气管败血波氏杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌的折点。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素的敏感性较低（34.8%）；对其他化合物的敏感性为 87.0%-100%。猫的主要 RTI 病原体是多杀巴斯德菌，只有普多氟洛沙星有折点（100%敏感）。凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的敏感性从 66.7%（青霉素）到 97.2%（普多氟洛沙星）不等。猫源链球菌除恩诺沙星和四环素（均为 65.2%敏感）外，对所有抗生素均敏感。
总体而言，犬猫 RTI 的抗菌药物耐药率为中低水平，但不同病原体的敏感性差异很大。
负责任地使用抗生素对于维持敏感性至关重要，持续监测耐药性对于支持这一目标非常重要。这些发现支持为犬猫病原体设定 RTI 特异性折点的必要性。
