Research Unit on Communicable Diseases, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2022 Oct 10;89(1):e1-e12. doi: 10.4102/ojvr.v89i1.1970.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat for both human and veterinary medicine. Increasing evidence suggests that animals are important sources of AMR to humans; however, most of these studies focus on production animals. In order to determine the pattern of AMR in pets, mainly in dogs in Africa, a meta-analysis was performed with AMR studies conducted in African countries and published between January 2000 and January 2021 in four databases: Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Cab abstract and Google Scholar. Seven bacterial strains, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (SNC) and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius were included in this study. A total of 18 out of 234 indexed articles met the study criteria. The results revealed that multiple bacteria were resistant to various commonly used antibiotics including enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, amoxicillin, clavulanic acid, cotrimoxazole, streptomycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Concerning multidrug resistance, E. coli strains came first with the highest prevalence of 98%, followed by P. aeroginosa (92%) and Salmonella spp. (53%). In contrast, the overall prevalence of multidrug resistance was low for S. aureus (18%) and S. pseudintermedius (25%). It is therefore urgent to find, as soon as possible, alternatives to replace these antibiotics, which have become ineffective in controlling these bacteria in dogs in Africa. Moreover, further metagenomic studies are needed to describe the full resistome and mobilome in dogs regardless of the bacteria.
抗微生物药物耐药性（AMR）是人类和兽医医学的全球性公共卫生威胁。越来越多的证据表明，动物是人类 AMR 的重要来源；然而，这些研究大多集中在生产动物上。为了确定非洲宠物（主要是狗）的 AMR 模式，对 2000 年 1 月至 2021 年 1 月期间在四个数据库（Medline [PubMed]、Scopus、Cab abstract 和 Google Scholar）中发表的非洲国家进行的 AMR 研究进行了荟萃分析。本研究包括七种细菌菌株，即金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、铜绿假单胞菌、化脓性链球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（SNC）和中间葡萄球菌。共有 234 篇索引文章中有 18 篇符合研究标准。结果表明，多种细菌对包括恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、庆大霉素、阿莫西林、克拉维酸、复方新诺明、链霉素、四环素和氯霉素在内的各种常用抗生素均具有耐药性。关于多药耐药性，大肠杆菌菌株首当其冲，耐药率最高，为 98%，其次是铜绿假单胞菌（92%）和沙门氏菌（53%）。相比之下，金黄色葡萄球菌（18%）和中间葡萄球菌（25%）的多药耐药性总体流行率较低。因此，迫切需要尽快找到替代品来取代这些在非洲狗中对这些细菌已无效的抗生素。此外，还需要进一步进行宏基因组学研究，以描述无论细菌如何，狗的完整耐药组和移动组。
