Caron Patrick, Ferrero Y de Loma-Osorio Gabriel, Nabarro David, Hainzelin Etienne, Guillou Marion, Andersen Inger, Arnold Tom, Astralaga Margarita, Beukeboom Marcel, Bickersteth Sam, Bwalya Martin, Caballero Paula, Campbell Bruce M, Divine Ntiokam, Fan Shenggen, Frick Martin, Friis Anette, Gallagher Martin, Halkin Jean-Pierre, Hanson Craig, Lasbennes Florence, Ribera Teresa, Rockstrom Johan, Schuepbach Marlen, Steer Andrew, Tutwiler Ann, Verburg Gerda
1Université de Montpellier (Université Montpellier), Montpellier, France.
2CIRAD, DGDRS, 34398 Montpellier, France.
Agron Sustain Dev. 2018;38(4):41. doi: 10.1007/s13593-018-0519-1. Epub 2018 Aug 9.
Evidence shows the importance of food systems for sustainable development: they are at the nexus that links food security, nutrition, and human health, the viability of ecosystems, climate change, and social justice. However, agricultural policies tend to focus on food supply, and sometimes, on mechanisms to address negative externalities. We propose an alternative. Our starting point is that agriculture and food systems' policies should be aligned to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This calls for deep changes in comparison with the paradigms that prevailed when steering the agricultural change in the XXth century. We identify the comprehensive food systems transformation that is needed. It has four parts: first, food systems should enable all people to benefit from nutritious and healthy food. Second, they should reflect sustainable agricultural production and food value chains. Third, they should mitigate climate change and build resilience. Fourth, they should encourage a renaissance of rural territories. The implementation of the transformation relies on (i) suitable metrics to aid decision-making, (ii) synergy of policies through convergence of local and global priorities, and (iii) enhancement of development approaches that focus on territories. We build on the work of the "Milano Group," an informal group of experts convened by the UN Secretary General in Milan in 2015. Backed by a literature review, what emerges is a strategic narrative linking climate, agriculture and food, and calling for a deep transformation of food systems at scale. This is critical for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement. The narrative highlights the needed consistency between global actions for sustainable development and numerous local-level innovations. It emphasizes the challenge of designing differentiated paths for food systems transformation responding to local and national expectations. Scientific and operational challenges are associated with the alignment and arbitration of local action within the context of global priorities.
它们处于连接粮食安全、营养与人类健康、生态系统活力、气候变化及社会正义的交汇点。然而，农业政策往往侧重于粮食供应，有时还侧重于应对负面外部效应的机制。我们提出一种替代方案。我们的出发点是，农业和粮食系统政策应与《2030年可持续发展议程》保持一致。与20世纪推动农业变革时盛行的范式相比，这需要深刻变革。我们确定了所需的全面粮食系统转型。它包括四个部分：第一，粮食系统应使所有人都能受益于营养丰富且健康的食物。第二，它们应反映可持续农业生产和食品价值链。第三，它们应缓解气候变化并增强复原力。第四，它们应鼓励农村地区复兴。转型的实施依赖于：（i）有助于决策的适当指标；（ii）通过地方和全球优先事项的趋同实现政策协同；（iii）加强以地区为重点的发展方法。我们借鉴了“米兰小组”的工作，该小组是联合国秘书长于2015年在米兰召集的一个非正式专家小组。通过文献综述，呈现出一种将气候、农业和粮食联系起来的战略叙述，并呼吁大规模深度转型粮食系统。这对于实现可持续发展目标和《巴黎协定》至关重要。该叙述突出了全球可持续发展行动与众多地方层面创新之间所需的一致性。它强调了设计符合地方和国家期望的差异化粮食系统转型路径所面临的挑战。科学和操作方面的挑战与在全球优先事项背景下协调和仲裁地方行动相关。
