Reis Flavia Mara Fernandes da Silva, Gonçalves Claudia Giglio de Oliveira, Conto Juliana De, Iantas Milena, Lüders Débora, Marques Jair
Maternity, Hospital do Trabalhador do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Speech Therapy Clinic, Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2019 Apr;23(2):157-164. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1648217. Epub 2018 May 9.
Hearing is the main sensory access in the first years of life. Therefore, early detection and intervention of hearing impairment must begin before the first year of age. To analyze the results of the electrophysiological hearing assessment of children at risk for hearing loss as part of the newborn hearing screening (NHS). This is a cross-sectional study held at a hearing health public service clinic located in Brazil, with 104 babies at risks factors for hearing loss referred by public hospitals. A questionnaire was applied to parents, and the auditory brainstem response (ABR) test was held, identifying those with alterations in the results. The outcome of the NHS was also analyzed regarding risk factor, gestational age and gender. Among the 104 subjects, most of them were male (53.85%), and the main risk factor found was the admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for a period longer than 5 days (50.93%). Eighty-five (81.73%) subjects were screened by NHS at the maternity and 40% of them failed the test. Through the ABR test, 6 (5.77%) infants evidenced sensorineural hearing loss, 4 of them being diagnosed at 4 months, and 2 at 6 months of age; all of them failed the NHS and had family history and admission at NICU for over 5 days as the most prevalent hearing risks; in addition, family members of all children perceived their hearing impairment. Advances could be observed regarding the age of the diagnosis after the implementation of the NHS held at the analyzed public service clinic.
听力是生命最初几年的主要感官通道。因此，听力障碍的早期检测和干预必须在一岁之前开始。
作为新生儿听力筛查（NHS）的一部分，分析有听力损失风险儿童的电生理听力评估结果。
这是一项在巴西一家听力健康公共服务诊所进行的横断面研究，有104名有听力损失风险因素的婴儿由公立医院转诊而来。向家长发放了问卷，并进行了听性脑干反应（ABR）测试，以确定结果有异常的儿童。还对NHS的结果按风险因素、胎龄和性别进行了分析。
在104名受试者中，大多数为男性（53.85%），发现的主要风险因素是入住新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）超过5天（50.93%）。85名（81.73%）受试者在产科接受了NHS筛查，其中40%测试未通过。通过ABR测试，6名（5.77%）婴儿被证实患有感音神经性听力损失，其中4名在4个月时被诊断出来，2名在6个月时被诊断出来；他们所有人NHS测试均未通过，且都有家族病史以及入住NICU超过5天，这是最常见的听力风险因素；此外，所有儿童的家庭成员都察觉到了他们的听力障碍。
在所分析的公共服务诊所实施NHS后，可以观察到诊断年龄方面的进展。
