Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Department of Human Developmental and Family Studies, Colorado State University, United States.
Res Dev Disabil. 2019 Jun;89:83-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2019.03.003. Epub 2019 Apr 6.
Down syndrome (DS) is associated with increased rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), characterized by social-communicative impairments (SOC-COM) and repetitive behaviors and interests (RBI). However, little is known about the ASD symptom presentation in children with DS + ASD.
The current study sought to describe parent-report of SOC-COM and RBI symptoms on the Autism Diagnostic Interview -Revised (ADI-R) in children with DS (n = 22), DS + ASD (n = 11), and ASD (n = 66).
SOC-COM and RBI scores from the ADI-R were compared across the groups whose autism status was ascertained using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule.
Differences in SOC-COM and RBI symptom severity was observed. The general pattern of findings was ASD > DS+ASD > DS. Dissimilar ASD symptom profiles were observed across groups. In ASD, SOC-COM scores were higher than RBI scores; in DS + ASD, similar SOC-COM and RBI scores were observed. Lastly, SOC-COM impairments were highly related to verbal cognition in youth with DS + ASD but not in those with DS or ASD.
These findings suggest that children with DS + ASD have a distinct profile of ASD symptoms that differs from peers with either disorder in isolation. Thus, care should be taken in evaluating and designing treatments for this group.
唐氏综合征（DS）与自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的发生率增加有关，其特征为社交沟通障碍（SOC-COM）和重复行为和兴趣（RBI）。然而，对于 DS+ASD 儿童的 ASD 症状表现知之甚少。
本研究旨在描述 DS（n=22）、DS+ASD（n=11）和 ASD（n=66）儿童的家长报告的自闭症诊断访谈修订版（ADI-R）中的 SOC-COM 和 RBI 症状。
使用自闭症诊断观察量表确定自闭症状态后，比较 ADI-R 中 SOC-COM 和 RBI 评分在各组之间的差异。
观察到 SOC-COM 和 RBI 症状严重程度的差异。一般来说，发现的模式是 ASD>DS+ASD>DS。在 ASD 中，SOC-COM 评分高于 RBI 评分；在 DS+ASD 中，SOC-COM 和 RBI 评分相似。最后，在 DS+ASD 儿童中，SOC-COM 损伤与言语认知高度相关，但在 DS 或 ASD 儿童中则没有。
这些发现表明，DS+ASD 儿童的 ASD 症状谱与单独患有任何一种疾病的儿童不同。因此，在评估和设计该组治疗时应谨慎。
