Kaiser I I, Middlebrook J L, Crumrine M H, Stevenson W W
Toxicon. 1986;24(7):669-78. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(86)90030-9.
Antisera were raised against intact crotoxin (Crotalus durissus terrificus), Mojave toxin (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) and concolor toxin (Crotalus viridis concolor), as well as the subunits of crotoxin. Double immunodiffusion and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) demonstrated antigenic similarity between these three purified toxins and their subunits. Additionally, when crotoxin antisera were pre-incubated with each of the three toxins before injection, the lethal activity of all were neutralized equally well. Antiserum was considerably more effective in neutralizing crotoxin in vivo when the toxin was injected i.m. than when injected i.v. Antisera against both intact crotoxin and its basic subunit were an order of magnitude more effective than crotoxin acidic subunit antiserum in crotoxin neutralization. Purified phospholipase A2 from Crotalus adamanteus and Crotalus atrox showed weak cross-reactivity with antisera raised against intact crotoxin and its subunits in the ELISA. Our results suggest that crotalid neurotoxins can be detected and neutralized by polyclonal antibodies raised against any intact toxin or basic subunit in this group of homologous toxins.
制备了针对完整的响尾蛇毒素（Crotalus durissus terrificus）、莫哈韦毒素（Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus）和同色毒素（Crotalus viridis concolor）以及响尾蛇毒素亚基的抗血清。双向免疫扩散和酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）表明，这三种纯化毒素及其亚基之间存在抗原相似性。此外，在注射前将响尾蛇毒素抗血清与这三种毒素中的每一种预孵育时，所有毒素的致死活性均能被同等程度地中和。当毒素通过肌肉注射而非静脉注射时，抗血清在体内中和响尾蛇毒素的效果要显著得多。在中和响尾蛇毒素方面，针对完整响尾蛇毒素及其碱性亚基的抗血清比响尾蛇毒素酸性亚基抗血清的效果高一个数量级。在ELISA中，来自金刚背响尾蛇（Crotalus adamanteus）和西部菱斑响尾蛇（Crotalus atrox）的纯化磷脂酶A2与针对完整响尾蛇毒素及其亚基产生的抗血清显示出较弱的交叉反应性。我们的结果表明，针对这组同源毒素中的任何完整毒素或碱性亚基产生的多克隆抗体可以检测和中和响尾蛇科神经毒素。
