Weinstein S A, Smith L A
Department of Toxinology, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21701-5011.
Toxicon. 1990;28(12):1447-55. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(90)90158-4.
Tiger rattlesnake (Crotalus tigris) venom was fractioned by using fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). The crude venom had low protease activity, lacked hemolytic activity and had an i.p. LD50 of 0.070 mg/kg for mice. Lethal fractions obtained by anion and cation exchange were examined for antigenic identity with crotoxin and Mojave toxin. Four toxins were obtained by anion exchange chromatography which showed immunoidentity with these toxins, and one fraction caused rear limb paresis in mice. A lethal toxin (about 10% of total venom protein) purified further with Superose-12 FPLC (molecular sieve) had an i.p. LD50 of 0.050 mg/kg for mice, reacted strongly with anti-crotoxin and anti-Mojave toxin antiserum in ELISA and immunoelectrophoresis. This toxin also showed complete immunoidentity with crotoxin and Mojave toxin in immunodiffusion assays with anti-crotoxin antiserum. The results indicated the presence of crotoxin and/or Mojave toxin isoforms in this venom. Although this species has a low venom yield (average 10 mg per snake), the venom is highly toxic and contains high concentrations of several neurotoxic isotoxins.
采用快速蛋白质液相色谱法（FPLC）对虎斑响尾蛇（Crotalus tigris）毒液进行分离。粗毒液的蛋白酶活性较低，缺乏溶血活性，对小鼠的腹腔注射半数致死量（LD50）为0.070 mg/kg。对通过阴离子和阳离子交换获得的致死级分进行了与响尾蛇毒素和莫哈韦毒素的抗原同一性检测。通过阴离子交换色谱法获得了四种毒素，它们与这些毒素显示出免疫同一性，并且有一个级分导致小鼠后肢麻痹。用Superose - 12 FPLC（分子筛）进一步纯化得到的一种致死毒素（约占毒液总蛋白的10%）对小鼠的腹腔注射LD50为0.050 mg/kg，在酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和免疫电泳中与抗响尾蛇毒素和抗莫哈韦毒素抗血清发生强烈反应。在与抗响尾蛇毒素抗血清的免疫扩散试验中，该毒素也与响尾蛇毒素和莫哈韦毒素显示出完全的免疫同一性。结果表明该毒液中存在响尾蛇毒素和/或莫哈韦毒素的同工型。尽管该物种的毒液产量较低（每条蛇平均10 mg），但其毒液毒性很强，并且含有高浓度的几种神经毒性同毒素。
