Huynh Minh, González Mikel Sabater, Beaufrére Hugues
Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Frégis, 43 Avenue Aristide Briand, Arcueil 94110, France.
Exoticsvet, Marques de San Juan 23-5, Valencia 46015, Spain.
Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract. 2019 May;22(2):253-283. doi: 10.1016/j.cvex.2019.01.006.
Because the avian skull is the reflection of the wide biodiversity of birds, many anatomic, morphologic, and functional variations are encountered. The main objectives of this article are to review the surgical considerations associated with the functional anatomy of the avian jaw apparatus and its variation among species, and to describe the general medical and surgical management of head traumatic and developmental disorders in birds.
由于鸟类头骨反映了鸟类广泛的生物多样性，因此会遇到许多解剖学、形态学和功能上的变异。本文的主要目的是回顾与鸟类颌骨装置功能解剖及其物种间变异相关的手术注意事项，并描述鸟类头部创伤和发育障碍的一般医学和手术管理。
