Kopeckova Katerina, Eckschlager Tomas, Sirc Jakub, Hobzova Radka, Plch Johana, Hrabeta Jan, Michalek Jiri
Department of Oncology, 2 nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2 nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2019 Jun;163(2):122-131. doi: 10.5507/bp.2019.010. Epub 2019 Apr 9.
Cancer despite the introduction of new targeted therapy remains for many patients a fatal disease. Nanotechnology in cancer medicine has emerged as a promising approach to defeat cancer. Targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs by different nanosystems promises enhanced drug efficacy, selectivity, better safety profile and reduced systemic toxicity. The article presents an overview of recent developments in cancer nanomedicine. We focus on approved anti-cancer medical products and on the results of clinical studies, highlighting that liposomal and micellar cytostatics or albumin-based nanoparticles have less side effects and are more efficient than "free" drugs. In addition, we discuss results of in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies with lipid, inorganic and polymer nanosystems loaded by anticancer drugs which according to our meaning are important for development of new nanodrugs. Pharmacokinetic characteristics of nanodrugs are discussed and characterization of major nanotechnology systems used for cancer nanomedicine is presented.
尽管引入了新的靶向治疗方法，但癌症对许多患者来说仍然是一种致命疾病。癌症医学中的纳米技术已成为一种有前景的战胜癌症的方法。不同纳米系统对抗癌药物的靶向递送有望提高药物疗效、选择性、改善安全性并降低全身毒性。本文概述了癌症纳米医学的最新进展。我们关注已获批的抗癌医疗产品和临床研究结果，强调脂质体和胶束细胞抑制剂或基于白蛋白的纳米颗粒比“游离”药物副作用更小且更有效。此外，我们讨论了载有抗癌药物的脂质、无机和聚合物纳米系统的体外和体内临床前研究结果，我们认为这些结果对新型纳米药物的开发很重要。还讨论了纳米药物的药代动力学特征，并介绍了用于癌症纳米医学的主要纳米技术系统的特性。
