Discovery and Evaluation of New Activity-Based Probes for Serine Hydrolases.

Serine hydrolases play crucial biological roles and are important therapeutic targets in many clinical applications. Activity-based protein profiling of serine hydrolases by using fluorophosphonate probes, pioneered by Cravatt and co-workers, has been a powerful tool for interrogating serine hydrolases in various biological systems. Herein, we present new phenyl phosphonate probes with an azide handle for click chemistry that offer remarkable improvements over the classical fluorophosphonate serine hydrolase activity-based probes including ease of preparation, excellent cell permeability, and distinct reactivity profiles, as controlled by the phenolate leaving group. Thus, these new activity-based serine hydrolase probes are valuable tools to further interrogate this important class of enzymes.