Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "G. Barresi", University Hospital "G. Martino", via Consolare Valeria 1, Gazzi, Messina, Italy.
Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "G. Barresi", University Hospital "G. Martino", via Consolare Valeria 1, Gazzi, Messina, Italy.
Ital J Pediatr. 2019 Apr 11;45(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s13052-019-0643-9.
Preterm birth is a health and social problem, considered the leading cause of neonatal mortality worldwide. It is associated with higher rates of neurodevelopmental morbidity, sensorineural impairments and other complications. The aim of the study was to describe the incidence and the major risk factors associated with preterm birth.
We performed a single center, observational and retrospective Cohort study in the Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina. Clinical records of all pregnant women who delivered from 1st January 2010 to 31 of December 2016 were collected.
In the 7 years considered, a total of 7954 pregnant women were included in our study. The majority of all preterm births were due to infants born late preterm (71.83%), 26.45% were due to preterm and 1.72% to extremely preterm. The preterm cohort had a higher proportion of history of preterm delivery (p < 0.0001), and unmarried (p = 0.003) and underweight or obese patients (p < 0.0001). In addition, prematurity was associated with presence of uterine anomalies (p < 0.0001), vaginal/urinary infections (p = 0.02), poli/oligohydramnios (p < 0.0001), maternal diabetes (p = 0.004), hypertension (p < 0.0001), short cervical length (p < 0.0001).
We suggest prompt identification of all risk factors associated with preterm birth to apply immediate and appropriate specific interventions.
早产是一个健康和社会问题，被认为是全球新生儿死亡的主要原因。它与更高的神经发育发病率、感觉神经性损伤和其他并发症有关。本研究的目的是描述早产的发生率和主要危险因素。
我们在墨西拿大学医院妇产科进行了一项单中心、观察性和回顾性队列研究。收集了 2010 年 1 月 1 日至 2016 年 12 月 31 日期间所有分娩的孕妇的临床记录。
在考虑的 7 年中，共有 7954 名孕妇纳入本研究。所有早产中，大多数是由于晚期早产（71.83%），26.45%是由于早产，1.72%是由于极早产。早产组中，有早产史的比例较高（p<0.0001），未婚（p=0.003）和体重不足或肥胖患者（p<0.0001）的比例较高。此外，早产与子宫异常（p<0.0001）、阴道/尿路感染（p=0.02）、羊水过少/过多（p<0.0001）、妊娠糖尿病（p=0.004）、高血压（p<0.0001）、宫颈短（p<0.0001）有关。
我们建议及时识别所有与早产相关的危险因素，以便立即采取适当的具体干预措施。
