Bellew William, Bauman Adrian, Kite James, Foley Bridget, Reece Lindsey, Thomas Margaret, Mihrshahi Seema, King Lesley
Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia,
Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Public Health Res Pract. 2019 Mar 6;29(1):2911902. doi: 10.17061/phrp2911902.
Overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the lifecourse. Rates of childhood overweight and obesity have reached alarming proportions in many countries and pose an urgent and serious challenge. Policy responses across the world have been piecemeal. Evidence based policy actions and interventions are available to build a comprehensive approach to overweight and obesity but, in most countries, a narrow selection of interventions are chosen, often implemented over short time periods and typically with small-scale investment. The most cost-effective policy actions are rarely selected, or only partially adopted. Genuinely comprehensive, long-term population-wide approaches are scant. Leading-edge fiscal and regulatory strategies face aggressive, often effective, opposition from lobby groups. We outline the policy actions, governance and accountability mechanisms needed to tackle this global epidemic.
儿童期和青少年期的超重与肥胖在整个生命历程中都与不良健康后果相关联。在许多国家，儿童超重和肥胖率已达到惊人的比例，并构成了紧迫而严峻的挑战。世界各地的政策应对措施一直是零散的。有基于证据的政策行动和干预措施可用于构建针对超重和肥胖的综合方法，但在大多数国家，通常只选择了有限的一系列干预措施，这些措施往往在短时间内实施，且投资规模较小。最具成本效益的政策行动很少被选择，或只是部分被采用。真正全面、长期的全人群方法很少见。前沿的财政和监管策略面临游说团体的激烈反对，而且这种反对往往很有效。我们概述了应对这一全球流行病所需的政策行动、治理和问责机制。
