Interventional Pulmonology, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2019 Jul;25(4):336-343. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000585.
This article provides the most recent literature and experienced guidance about diagnosis and management of tracheal tumors, including future directions.
Tracheal tumors are challenging to diagnose given their nonspecific and late-onset symptoms. Critical airway obstruction is the most feared complication. The cornerstone in management of them is surgical resection whenever is possible. Different diagnostic tests (i.e., imaging and bronchoscopy) help in the assessment of resectability. Alternative management including interventional bronchoscopic techniques can be offered to patients who are not suitable for surgical resection. Radiation and chemotherapy can also be used as adjuvant, neoadjuvant or sole treatment in malignant tumors. Recent advances in tracheal transplantation and bioengineering with tracheal reconstruction have shown a new direction in the management of these tumors. All these topics will be discussed in this article.
Despite advances in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, tracheal tumors are still a medical challenge. Although studies are still trying to find the best surgical techniques as well as the role for chemotherapy and radiation, most recent studies are addressing tracheal reconstruction and transplantation as the new horizon for management.
本文提供了有关气管肿瘤的最新文献和经验指导，包括未来的方向。
由于气管肿瘤的症状非特异性且出现较晚，因此其诊断具有挑战性。最令人担忧的并发症是严重的气道阻塞。只要可能，手术切除是其治疗的基石。不同的诊断测试（如影像学和支气管镜检查）有助于评估可切除性。对于不适合手术切除的患者，可以提供介入性支气管镜技术等替代治疗方法。放疗和化疗也可作为恶性肿瘤的辅助、新辅助或单一治疗方法。气管移植和气管重建的生物工程的最新进展为这些肿瘤的治疗提供了新的方向。本文将讨论所有这些主题。
尽管诊断和治疗技术取得了进展，但气管肿瘤仍然是一个医学挑战。尽管研究仍在试图寻找最佳的手术技术以及化疗和放疗的作用，但最近的研究主要集中在气管重建和移植上，将其作为管理的新方向。
