Shu Chen, Liu Yu-Jian, Zheng Kai-Fu, Tang Xi-Yang, Li Meng-Chao, Shen Yang, Zhou Yu-Long, Du Wei-Guang, Ma Nan, Zhao Jin-Bo
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The 902nd Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
Cancer Med. 2025 May;14(9):e70893. doi: 10.1002/cam4.70893.
Primary tracheobronchial tumors (PTBTs) are rare but life-threatening, accounting for approximately 0.2% of all respiratory neoplasms. Owing to their nonspecific clinical symptoms, PTBTs are often initially misdiagnosed as bronchial asthma or bronchitis in the early stages. In addition, standardized treatments for PTBTs are currently lacking.
This study aimed to provide a comprehensive review of this diagnostic challenge and treatment modalities of PTBTs.
Drawing on the latest literature and clinical guidelines, we carried out a comprehensive and systematic analysis of PTBTs, focusing on diagnostic modalities, and evidence-based treatment options.
Primary diagnostic methods for PTBTs include pulmonary function tests, chest radiography, computed tomography, and fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Computed tomography, and fiberoptic bronchoscopy may be the most valuable diagnostic tools for patients with PTBTs or those highly suspected of having PTBTs. Currently, there are no consensus guidelines for PTBTs, and surgery is the most effective method for treating PTBTs if the patients have indications for surgery. In addition, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and interventional therapy may be useful complementary treatments for inoperable patients. Immunotherapy may be a significant management strategy for PTBTs in the future. Further researches should concentrate on both the early identification and enhanced therapeutic management of these tumors to improve survival and diminish morbidity and mortality rates by investigating the optimal design of systematic therapy.
原发性气管支气管肿瘤（PTBTs）较为罕见但危及生命，约占所有呼吸道肿瘤的0.2%。由于其临床症状不具特异性，PTBTs在早期常被误诊为支气管哮喘或支气管炎。此外，目前缺乏针对PTBTs的标准化治疗方法。
本研究旨在全面综述PTBTs的这一诊断挑战及治疗方式。
借鉴最新文献和临床指南，我们对PTBTs进行了全面系统的分析，重点关注诊断方式和循证治疗选择。
PTBTs的主要诊断方法包括肺功能测试、胸部X线摄影、计算机断层扫描和纤维支气管镜检查。计算机断层扫描和纤维支气管镜检查对于PTBTs患者或高度怀疑患有PTBTs的患者可能是最有价值的诊断工具。目前，对于PTBTs尚无共识性指南，若患者有手术指征，手术是治疗PTBTs最有效的方法。此外，放疗、化疗和介入治疗对于无法手术的患者可能是有用的辅助治疗方法。免疫治疗未来可能是PTBTs的一项重要治疗策略。进一步的研究应集中于这些肿瘤的早期识别和强化治疗管理，通过研究系统治疗的最佳设计来提高生存率并降低发病率和死亡率。
