Cunto Marco, Mariani Elisa, Anicito Guido Eleonora, Ballotta Giulia, Zambelli Daniele
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2019 Jun;54(6):815-822. doi: 10.1111/rda.13437. Epub 2019 May 2.
In small animal practice, prostatic diseases are increasingly encountered. All dogs may experience prostatic disease, but particular care should be addressed to breeding dogs, in which prostatic affection may lead to decrease in semen quality and fertility. The most common prostatic disease is the benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) followed by prostatitis, prostatic neoplasia and prostate squamous metaplasia. These diseases do not have pathognomonic symptoms, therefore, making a correct diagnosis may not be easy. An accurate clinical examination and a correct diagnostic protocol are essential in order to begin the most appropriate treatment, and also to do a good prophylaxis where it is possible. BPH therapy is usually recommended when mild-severe signs are present or if symptoms disturb the patient. New therapeutic approaches, both medical and surgical, allow to maintain fertility in most animals with prostatic disorders. Prostate cancer is relatively infrequent. Elective therapy is the surgical one, but it is considered palliative and can result in important post-operative complications. The aim of this paper is to lay down the most appropriate diagnostic process describing the aetiologies of prostatic disease, their symptoms, the right investigative tools and therapy.
在小动物临床实践中，前列腺疾病越来越常见。所有犬类都可能患上前列腺疾病，但对于种公犬应格外关注，因为前列腺疾病可能导致精液质量和生育能力下降。最常见的前列腺疾病是良性前列腺增生（BPH），其次是前列腺炎、前列腺肿瘤和前列腺鳞状化生。这些疾病没有特征性症状，因此，做出正确诊断可能并不容易。准确的临床检查和正确的诊断方案对于开始最恰当的治疗至关重要，并且在可能的情况下做好预防工作也很重要。当出现轻度至重度症状或症状困扰患犬时，通常推荐进行BPH治疗。新的医学和手术治疗方法能够使大多数患有前列腺疾病的动物维持生育能力。前列腺癌相对少见。选择性治疗是手术治疗，但它被认为是姑息性的，并且可能导致重要的术后并发症。本文的目的是阐述最恰当的诊断过程，描述前列腺疾病的病因、症状、正确的检查手段和治疗方法。
