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复合聚合物电解质：纳米颗粒影响结构与性能。

Composite Polymer Electrolytes: Nanoparticles Affect Structure and Properties.

作者信息

Wang Wei, Alexandridis Paschalis

机构信息

Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA.

出版信息

Polymers (Basel). 2016 Nov 3;8(11):387. doi: 10.3390/polym8110387.

DOI:10.3390/polym8110387
PMID:30974666
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6432071/
Abstract

Composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) can significantly improve the performance in electrochemical devices such as lithium-ion batteries. This review summarizes property/performance relationships in the case where nanoparticles are introduced to polymer electrolytes. It is the aim of this review to provide a knowledge network that elucidates the role of nano-additives in the CPEs. Central to the discussion is the impact on the CPE performance of properties such as crystalline/amorphous structure, dielectric behavior, and interactions within the CPE. The amorphous domains of semi-crystalline polymer facilitate the ion transport, while an enhanced mobility of polymer chains contributes to high ionic conductivity. Dielectric properties reflect the relaxation behavior of polymer chains as an important factor in ion conduction. Further, the dielectric constant (ε) determines the capability of the polymer to dissolve salt. The atom/ion/nanoparticle interactions within CPEs suggest ways to enhance the CPE conductivity by generating more free lithium ions. Certain properties can be improved simultaneously by nanoparticle addition in order to optimize the overall performance of the electrolyte. The effects of nano-additives on thermal and mechanical properties of CPEs are also presented in order to evaluate the electrolyte competence for lithium-ion battery applications.

摘要

复合聚合物电解质（CPEs）能够显著提升锂离子电池等电化学装置的性能。本综述总结了向聚合物电解质中引入纳米颗粒时的性质/性能关系。本综述旨在提供一个知识网络，阐明纳米添加剂在CPEs中的作用。讨论的核心是诸如结晶/非晶结构、介电行为以及CPE内部相互作用等性质对CPE性能的影响。半结晶聚合物的非晶区域有助于离子传输，而聚合物链流动性的增强有助于提高离子电导率。介电性质反映了聚合物链的弛豫行为，这是离子传导中的一个重要因素。此外，介电常数（ε）决定了聚合物溶解盐的能力。CPEs内部的原子/离子/纳米颗粒相互作用提出了通过产生更多自由锂离子来提高CPE电导率的方法。通过添加纳米颗粒可以同时改善某些性质，以优化电解质的整体性能。还介绍了纳米添加剂对CPEs热性能和机械性能的影响，以便评估电解质在锂离子电池应用中的适用性。

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