Posis Alexander, Bellettiere John, Liles Sandy, Alcaraz John, Nguyen Benjamin, Berardi Vincent, Klepeis Neil E, Hughes Suzanne C, Wu Tianying, Hovell Melbourne F
Center for Behavioral Epidemiology and Community Health (C-BEACH), Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Prev Med Rep. 2019 Mar 16;14:100853. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100853. eCollection 2019 Jun.
Cannabis use is increasing and cannabis is typically consumed by smoking. This study explored how indoor secondhand cannabis smoke (SCS) was associated with child health. As part of a larger trial, air particle monitors were placed in 298 homes of families with at least one cigarette smoker and one child under 14 years old in San Diego County, California. Assessment included past 7-day indoor cigarette and cannabis use, the youngest child's exposure to cigarette smoke, and 5 smoke-related past-year child health outcomes: emergency department use for coughing/difficulty breathing; physician diagnosis of ear infection, bronchitis/bronchiolitis, asthma, or eczema/atopic dermatitis. An ordinal measure of adverse health outcomes (0, 1, or ≥2) was regressed on reported indoor cannabis smoking-the main measure of exposure (yes/no). Of 221 parents/guardians asked about cannabis use, 192 (86.9%) provided all required data, and 29 (15.1%) reported indoor cannabis smoking; reports were supported by air particle data. Homes without indoor smoking had lower average 7-day particle concentrations (1968 particles/0.01ft) than homes with cannabis smoking only (3131 particles/0.01ft), cigarette smoking only (3095 particles/0.01ft), or both cigarette and cannabis smoking (6006 particles/0.01ft). Odds of reporting a greater number of adverse health outcomes were 1.83 (95% CI = 0.89-3.80, = 0.10) times higher for children of families with indoor cannabis smoking vs families without cannabis smoking, after controlling for exposure to cigarette smoke and other covariates. Our results do not indicate a statistically significant association. However, the magnitude of the (non-significant) association between indoor cannabis smoking and adverse health outcomes warrants more studies.
大麻的使用正在增加，且大麻通常通过吸烟来消费。本研究探讨了室内二手大麻烟雾（SCS）与儿童健康之间的关联。作为一项更大规模试验的一部分，空气颗粒物监测仪被放置在加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥县至少有一名吸烟者且有一名14岁以下儿童的298个家庭中。评估内容包括过去7天内室内香烟和大麻的使用情况、最小孩子接触香烟烟雾的情况，以及5项过去一年中与烟雾相关的儿童健康结果：因咳嗽/呼吸困难前往急诊科就诊；医生诊断为耳部感染、支气管炎/细支气管炎、哮喘或湿疹/特应性皮炎。将不良健康结果的有序测量值（0、1或≥2）对报告的室内大麻吸烟情况（主要暴露测量指标，是/否）进行回归分析。在被问及大麻使用情况的221名父母/监护人中，192人（86.9%）提供了所有所需数据，29人（15.1%）报告了室内大麻吸烟情况；报告得到了空气颗粒物数据的支持。没有室内吸烟的家庭平均7天颗粒物浓度（1968颗粒/0.01立方英尺）低于仅吸食大麻的家庭（3131颗粒/0.01立方英尺）、仅吸食香烟的家庭（3095颗粒/0.01立方英尺）或既吸食香烟又吸食大麻的家庭（6006颗粒/0.01立方英尺）。在控制了接触香烟烟雾和其他协变量后，室内吸食大麻家庭的孩子报告更多不良健康结果的几率比不吸食大麻家庭的孩子高1.83倍（95%置信区间=0.89 - 3.80，P = 0.10）。我们的结果并未表明存在统计学上的显著关联。然而，室内大麻吸烟与不良健康结果之间（不显著的）关联程度值得更多研究。
