Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka, Japan.
Indoor Air Quality Program, Environmental Health Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, United States of America.
PLoS Comput Biol. 2021 May 13;17(5):e1009004. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009004. eCollection 2021 May.
With electronic (e)-liquids containing cannabis components easily available, many anecdotal examples of cannabis vaping using electronic cigarette devices have been reported. For electronic cigarette cannabis vaping, there are potential risks of secondary indoor air pollution from vapers. However, quantitative and accurate prediction of the inhalation and dermal exposure of a passive smoker in the same room is difficult to achieve due to the ethical constraints on subject experiments. The numerical method, i.e., in silico method, is a powerful tool to complement these experiments with real humans. In this study, we adopted a computer-simulated person that has been validated from multiple perspectives for prediction accuracy. We then conducted an in silico study to elucidate secondary indoor air pollution and passive smoking associated with cannabis vaping using an electronic cigarette device in an indoor environment. The aerosols exhaled by a cannabis vaper were confirmed to be a secondary emission source in an indoor environment; non-smokers were exposed to these aerosols via respiratory and dermal pathways. Tetrahydrocannabinol was used as a model chemical compound for the exposure study. Its uptake by the non-smoker through inhalation and dermal exposure under a worst-case scenario was estimated to be 5.9% and 2.6% of the exhaled quantity from an e-cigarette cannabis user, respectively.
随着含有大麻成分的电子烟液变得容易获取,使用电子烟设备吸食大麻的情况时有发生。对于电子烟大麻吸食,电子烟使用者可能会造成室内空气的二次污染。然而,由于对人体实验的伦理限制,很难准确预测同一房间内被动吸烟者的吸入和皮肤暴露情况。数值方法(即计算机模拟方法)是一种强大的工具,可以补充这些以人为对象的实验。在这项研究中,我们采用了一种已从多个角度验证了预测准确性的计算机模拟人。然后,我们进行了一项计算机模拟研究,以阐明在室内环境中使用电子烟装置吸食大麻所产生的二次室内空气污染和被动吸烟问题。大麻吸食者呼出的气溶胶被证实是室内环境中的二次排放源;非吸烟者通过呼吸和皮肤途径接触到这些气溶胶。四氢大麻酚被用作暴露研究的模型化合物。在最坏的情况下,非吸烟者通过吸入和皮肤接触从电子烟大麻使用者呼出的四氢大麻酚中分别吸收了 5.9%和 2.6%。