Schauer Gillian L, King Brian A, Bunnell Rebecca E, Promoff Gabbi, McAfee Timothy A
Carter Consulting, Inc., Contractor to Office on Smoking and Health, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia;.
Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Prev Med. 2016 Jan;50(1):1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.05.027. Epub 2015 Aug 12.
Policies legalizing marijuana for medical and recreational use have been increasing in the U.S. Considering the potential impact of these policies, important knowledge gaps exist, including information about the prevalence of various modes of marijuana use (e.g., smoked in joints, bowls, bongs; consumed in edibles or drinks) and about medical versus recreational use. Accordingly, this study assessed (1) prevalence and correlates of modes of current and ever marijuana use and (2) prevalence of medicinal and recreational marijuana use in U.S. adults.
Data came from Summer Styles (n=4,269), a nationally representative consumer panel survey of adults aged ≥18 years, collected in 2014. The survey asked about past 30-day (current) and ever mode of marijuana use and current reason for use (medicinal, recreational, both). Weighted prevalence estimates were computed and correlates were assessed in 2014 using logistic regression.
Overall, 7.2% of respondents reported current marijuana use; 34.5% reported ever use. Among current users, 10.5% reported medicinal-only use, 53.4% reported recreational-only use, and 36.1% reported both. Use of bowl or pipe (49.5%) and joint (49.2%) predominated among current marijuana users, with lesser use of bong, water pipe, or hookah (21.7%); blunts (20.3%); edibles/drinks (16.1%); and vaporizers (7.6%); 92.1% of the sample reported combusted-only marijuana use.
Combusted modes of marijuana use are most prevalent among U.S. adults, with a majority using marijuana for recreation. In light of changing policies and patterns of use, improved marijuana surveillance is critical for public health planning.
美国将医用和娱乐用大麻合法化的政策一直在增加。考虑到这些政策的潜在影响，存在一些重要的知识空白，包括关于各种大麻使用方式（例如，用卷烟纸卷着抽、用碗状器具抽、用水烟壶抽；食用含大麻的食品或饮用含大麻的饮料）的流行情况以及医用与娱乐用的相关信息。因此，本研究评估了（1）当前和曾经使用大麻的方式的流行情况及其相关因素，以及（2）美国成年人中使用医用和娱乐用大麻的流行情况。
数据来自2014年收集的“夏季风尚”（n = 4269），这是一项对18岁及以上成年人具有全国代表性的消费者小组调查。该调查询问了过去30天（当前）和曾经的大麻使用方式以及当前的使用原因（医用、娱乐用、两者皆有）。2014年使用逻辑回归计算加权流行率估计值并评估相关因素。
总体而言，7.2%的受访者报告当前使用大麻；34.5%报告曾经使用过。在当前使用者中，10.5%报告仅用于医疗用途，53.4%报告仅用于娱乐用途，36.1%报告两者皆用。在当前大麻使用者中，使用碗状器具或烟斗（49.5%）和卷烟纸卷（49.2%）的情况最为普遍，使用水烟壶、水管或水烟袋（21.7%）、大麻雪茄（20.3%）、含大麻的食品/饮料（16.1%）和蒸发器（7.6%）的情况较少；92.1%的样本报告仅使用燃烧的大麻。
在美国成年人中，燃烧方式的大麻使用最为普遍，大多数人使用大麻用于娱乐。鉴于不断变化的政策和使用模式，加强大麻监测对于公共卫生规划至关重要。
