MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Aug 15;177:108-116. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.119. Epub 2019 Apr 9.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a kind of persistent toxic substances, which have been frequently detected in environmental media. However, studies on their occurrences and distributions in drinking water are insufficient and their composition profiles in drinking water are still not clear. In this study, we investigated 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in drinking water from different administrative level cities throughout mainland China, analyzed the influences of anthropogenic activities on PAHs, and assessed the health risk of the PAHs in drinking water. On the national scale, the sum concentration of the 16 priority-controlled PAHs (∑PAHs) designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) was in a range of 3.89-231.39 (mean 56.25) ng L. With the decline of ∑PAHs, the concentration of 3-ring PAHs decreased, while its proportion increased, indicating 3-ring PAHs might be more difficult to remove than other PAHs in drinking water. The geographical distribution of PAHs in drinking water of China was in a descending order of West (69.81 ng L) > South (61.95 ng L) > North (58.63 ng L) > East (39.21 ng L) > Northeast China (37.93 ng L). ∑PAHs in drinking water of Prefecture-level City was the greatest (71.49 ng L) followed by Provincial Capital (52.12 ng L), County-level City (50.98 ng L) and Municipality (33.92 ng L). ∑PAHs was significantly negatively correlated with the per capita GDP of sampling city (P < 0.01, n = 78), implying that waterworks is an effective way to control and reduce PAH pollution in drinking water. The carcinogenic risk of the 16 PAHs in drinking water of China was much greater than the non-carcinogenic risk.
多环芳烃（PAHs）是一种持久性有毒物质，已在环境介质中频繁检出。然而，有关其在饮用水中的存在和分布的研究还不够充分，其在饮用水中的成分谱尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们调查了中国大陆不同行政级别城市的饮用水中的 16 种优先控制多环芳烃（PAHs），分析了人为活动对 PAHs 的影响，并评估了饮用水中 PAHs 的健康风险。在全国范围内，美国环保署（USEPA）指定的 16 种优先控制 PAHs（∑PAHs）的总浓度范围为 3.89-231.39（平均值为 56.25）ng/L。随着∑PAHs 的降低，三环 PAHs 的浓度降低，但其比例增加，表明三环 PAHs 可能比其他 PAHs 更难在饮用水中去除。中国饮用水中 PAHs 的地理分布顺序为：西部（69.81ng/L）>南部（61.95ng/L）>北部（58.63ng/L）>东部（39.21ng/L）>东北（37.93ng/L）。地级市饮用水中∑PAHs 最高（71.49ng/L），其次是省会城市（52.12ng/L）、县级市（50.98ng/L）和直辖市（33.92ng/L）。∑PAHs 与采样城市人均 GDP 呈显著负相关（P<0.01，n=78），这表明水厂是控制和减少饮用水中 PAH 污染的有效途径。中国饮用水中 16 种 PAHs 的致癌风险远大于非致癌风险。
