帕金森病突变 LRRK2 敲入小鼠模型中,由于降解受损导致寡聚化 SNCA/α-突触核蛋白的年龄依赖性积累:伴侣介导的自噬 (CMA) 治疗激活的作用。

Age-dependent accumulation of oligomeric SNCA/α-synuclein from impaired degradation in mutant LRRK2 knockin mouse model of Parkinson disease: role for therapeutic activation of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA).

机构信息

Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital , Hong Kong S.A.R., China.

Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

出版信息

Autophagy. 2020 Feb;16(2):347-370. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1603545. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Abstract

Parkinson disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder associated with misfolded SNCA/α-synuclein accumulation in brain. Impaired catabolism of SNCA potentiates formation of its toxic oligomers. (leucine-rich repeat kinase-2) mutations predispose to familial and sporadic PD. Mutant LRRK2 perturbs chaperone-mediated-autophagy (CMA) to degrade SNCA. We showed greater age-dependent accumulation of oligomeric SNCA in striatum and cortex of aged LRRK2 knockin (KI) mice, compared to age-matched wildtype (WT) by 53% and 31%, respectively. Lysosomal clustering and accumulation of CMA-specific LAMP2A and HSPA8/HSC70 proteins were observed in aged mutant striatum along with increased GAPDH (CMA substrate) by immunohistochemistry of dorsal striatum and flow cytometry of ventral midbrain cells. Using our new reporter protein clearance assay, mutant mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) expressing either SNCA or CMA recognition 'KFERQ'-like motif conjugated with photoactivated-PAmCherry showed slower cellular clearance compared to WT by 28% and 34%, respectively. However, such difference was not observed after the 'KFERQ'-motif was mutated. LRRK2 mutant MEFs exhibited lower lysosomal degradation than WT indicating lysosomal dysfunction. LAMP2A-knockdown reduced total lysosomal activity and clearance of 'KFERQ'-substrate in WT but not in mutant MEFs, indicating impaired CMA in the latter. A CMA-specific activator, AR7, induced neuronal LAMP2A transcription and lysosomal activity in MEFs. AR7 also attenuated the progressive accumulation of both intracellular and extracellular SNCA oligomers in prolonged cultures of mutant cortical neurons (DIV21), indicating that oligomer accumulation can be suppressed by CMA activation. Activation of autophagic pathways to reduce aged-related accumulation of pathogenic SNCA oligomers is a viable disease-modifying therapeutic strategy for PD. 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; AR7: 7-chloro-3-(4-methylphenyl)-2H-1,4-benzoxazine; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; CQ: chloroquine; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; DDM: n-dodecyl β-D-maltoside; DIV: days in vitro; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; FACS: fluorescence-activated cell sorting; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GWAS: genome-wide association studies; HSPA8/HSC70: heat shock protein 8; KFERQ: CMA recognition pentapeptide; KI: knockin; LAMP1: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1; LAMP2A: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2A; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; LRRK2: leucine-rich repeat kinase 2; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblast; NDUFS4: NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S4; NE: novel epitope; PD: Parkinson disease; RARA/RARα: retinoic acid receptor, alpha; SNCA: synuclein, alpha; TUBB3/TUJ1: tubulin, beta 3 class III; WT: wild-type.

摘要

帕金森病(PD)是一种与脑内 SNCA/α-突触核蛋白错误折叠积累相关的年龄相关性神经退行性疾病。SNCA 代谢的受损会增强其毒性寡聚物的形成。(富亮氨酸重复激酶-2)突变易患家族性和散发性 PD。突变 LRRK2 扰乱伴侣介导的自噬(CMA)以降解 SNCA。我们通过免疫组织化学染色和流式细胞术显示,与年龄匹配的野生型(WT)相比,年龄较大的 LRRK2 敲入(KI)小鼠纹状体和皮层中寡聚 SNCA 的积累分别增加了 53%和 31%。在突变的纹状体中,我们观察到溶酶体聚集和 CMA 特异性 LAMP2A 和 HSPA8/HSC70 蛋白的积累,以及背侧纹状体的免疫组织化学和腹侧中脑细胞的流式细胞术检测到的 GAPDH(CMA 底物)增加。使用我们新的报告蛋白清除测定法,表达 SNCA 或 CMA 识别“KFERQ”-样基序与光活化-PAmCherry 缀合的突变型小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(MEF)与 WT 相比,细胞清除率分别慢 28%和 34%。然而,在“KFERQ”-基序发生突变后,并未观察到这种差异。LRRK2 突变型 MEF 表现出比 WT 更低的溶酶体降解,表明溶酶体功能障碍。LAMP2A 敲低降低了 WT 但不降低突变型 MEF 中的总溶酶体活性和“KFERQ”-底物的清除率,表明后者的 CMA 受损。CMA 特异性激活剂 AR7 在 MEF 中诱导神经元 LAMP2A 转录和溶酶体活性。AR7 还减弱了突变型皮质神经元(DIV21)长时间培养中细胞内和细胞外 SNCA 寡聚物的进行性积累,表明 CMA 激活可抑制寡聚物积累。激活自噬途径以减少与年龄相关的致病性 SNCA 寡聚物的积累是一种可行的治疗 PD 的疾病修饰治疗策略。3-MA:3-甲基腺嘌呤;AR7:7-氯-3-(4-甲基苯基)-2H-1,4-苯并恶嗪;CMA:伴侣介导的自噬;CQ:氯喹;CSF:脑脊液;DDM:正十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷;DIV:体外培养天数;ELISA:酶联免疫吸附测定;FACS:荧光激活细胞分选;GAPDH:甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶;GWAS:全基因组关联研究;HSPA8/HSC70:热休克蛋白 8;KFERQ:CMA 识别五肽;KI:敲入;LAMP1:溶酶体相关膜蛋白 1;LAMP2A:溶酶体相关膜蛋白 2A;LDH:乳酸脱氢酶;LRRK2:富亮氨酸重复激酶 2;MEF:小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞;NDUFS4:NADH:泛醌氧化还原酶核心亚基 S4;NE:新表位;PD:帕金森病;RARA/RARα:视黄酸受体,α;SNCA:突触核蛋白,α;TUBB3/TUJ1:微管蛋白,β 3 类 III;WT:野生型。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1730/6984454/6e946b28b430/kaup-16-02-1603545-g001.jpg

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索