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人类心脏瓣膜与年龄相关的大体变化及疾病

Gross age-related changes and diseases in human heart valves.

作者信息

Gumpangseth Treerat, Mahakkanukrauh Pasuk, Das Srijit

机构信息

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Forensic Osteology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

出版信息

Anat Cell Biol. 2019 Mar;52(1):25-33. doi: 10.5115/acb.2019.52.1.25. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

DOI:10.5115/acb.2019.52.1.25
PMID:30984448
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6449582/
Abstract

Cardiac valves are highly complex structures optimizing their function during the cardiac cycle. They open and close directed by blood flow under different pressure conditions in the dynamic environment in the heart. It is acknowledged that the aging process affects the structure and functions of the heart valves. With regard to morphometry, age-related changes of the heart valve can be found in valve circumference, thickness of the leaflet, luminal area at the sinotubular junction, valve diameter, orifice area, and leaflet size in circumferential and radial direction. In addition, there are differences between male and female hearts in some features. Moreover, there are studies the qualitative and quantitative assessment of histological compositions, echocardiography study to investigate the annular circumference and diameter in the human heart valves related with age. Studies into the detailed anatomy of the changes in heart valves with age are important and the correlation between valve morphology and age may be used as an age indicator. This study reviews the basic anatomical structure of the heart valves, age-related changes of valve morphometry, heart valve diseases, and general treatment of valvular diseases in humans. Detailed knowledge of the anatomical features of the morphology of the human heart valve is useful for any treatments of valve pathology.

摘要

心脏瓣膜是高度复杂的结构，可在心动周期中优化其功能。在心脏动态环境中的不同压力条件下，它们受血流引导而开启和关闭。人们认识到衰老过程会影响心脏瓣膜的结构和功能。在形态测量方面，心脏瓣膜与年龄相关的变化可体现在瓣膜周长、瓣叶厚度、窦管交界处的管腔面积、瓣膜直径、开口面积以及瓣叶在圆周和径向方向的尺寸上。此外，男性和女性心脏在某些特征上存在差异。而且，有研究对组织学成分进行定性和定量评估，通过超声心动图研究来探究与年龄相关的人体心脏瓣膜的环周周长和直径。深入研究心脏瓣膜随年龄变化的详细解剖结构很重要，瓣膜形态与年龄之间的相关性可作为年龄指标。本研究综述了心脏瓣膜的基本解剖结构、瓣膜形态测量与年龄相关的变化、心脏瓣膜疾病以及人类瓣膜疾病的一般治疗方法。详细了解人体心脏瓣膜形态的解剖特征对瓣膜病理学的任何治疗都很有用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd26/6449582/f2e0c9a455cf/acb-52-25-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd26/6449582/a3387f59c673/acb-52-25-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd26/6449582/cd667fb62035/acb-52-25-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd26/6449582/c71d019988c5/acb-52-25-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd26/6449582/f2e0c9a455cf/acb-52-25-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd26/6449582/a3387f59c673/acb-52-25-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd26/6449582/cd667fb62035/acb-52-25-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd26/6449582/c71d019988c5/acb-52-25-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fd26/6449582/f2e0c9a455cf/acb-52-25-g004.jpg

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