Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Aug 30;178:25-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.014. Epub 2019 Apr 12.
Passive sampling techniques have been considered robust tools for monitoring freely dissolved concentrations of contaminants in aquatic systems. However, few passive samplers are currently available for the simultaneous sampling of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic chemicals. In this study, we developed a novel passive sampler (a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance sorbent-embedded cellulose acetate membrane (HECAM)) for estimating the time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic contaminants in water. In our laboratorial controlled dynamic experiments, the accumulation results of thirty-seven target chemicals (including organophosphorus flame retardants, phenols, estrogens, organophosphorus pesticides, and triazine herbicides) with a wide polarity range (1.44 < log K < 9.49) in the HECAM followed first-order kinetics well, and the passive sampling parameters were estimated successfully. The estimated sampling rates for the target chemicals in the HECAM ranged from 0.14 to 6.90 L d in the laboratory experiment, and the log K (equilibrium partition coefficient between the sampler and water) values ranged from 2.75 to 6.00. The HECAM exhibited high sampling rate for moderately hydrophilic and moderately hydrophobic chemicals. The field validation study in an urban river resulted in the detection of four target chemicals (tris(chloroisopropyl)phosphate, tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl)phosphate, prometryn, and 4-tert-octylphenol) by the HECAM at estimated TWA concentrations of 10.9-179.5 ng L, which were in agreement with the measured levels found in traditional grab samples by solid-phase extraction. In summary, both the laboratory tests and field deployment showed practicable results for the HECAM passive sampling, which suggests that it is an efficient approach for simultaneous monitoring of hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic contaminants in water.
被动采样技术已被认为是监测水生系统中污染物游离溶解浓度的可靠工具。然而，目前可用的被动采样器很少能够同时用于亲水和疏水化学物质的采样。在本研究中，我们开发了一种新型的被动采样器（亲脂-亲水平衡吸附剂嵌入醋酸纤维素膜（HECAM）），用于估计水中亲水和疏水有机污染物的时间加权平均（TWA）浓度。在我们的实验室控制动态实验中，HECAM 对 37 种目标化学物质（包括有机磷阻燃剂、酚类、雌激素、有机磷农药和三嗪除草剂）的积累结果很好地遵循了一级动力学，并且成功地估计了被动采样参数。HECAM 中目标化学物质的估计采样速率在实验室实验中为 0.14 至 6.90 L/d，log K（采样器与水之间的平衡分配系数）值范围为 2.75 至 6.00。HECAM 对中等亲水性和中等疏水性化学物质具有较高的采样速率。在城市河流中的现场验证研究中，HECAM 检测到了四种目标化学物质（三（氯异丙基）磷酸酯、三（1,3-二氯异丙基）磷酸酯、扑草净和 4-叔辛基苯酚），估计 TWA 浓度为 10.9-179.5 ng/L，与固相萃取法测量的传统点样水平一致。总之，实验室测试和现场部署都显示了 HECAM 被动采样的可行结果，这表明它是一种同时监测水中亲水和疏水有机污染物的有效方法。
